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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">kpccz</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Комплексные проблемы сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2306-1278</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9537</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17802/2306-1278-2022-11-1-36-48</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">kpccz-1053</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ. Кардиология</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDIES. Cardiology</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Изменения в структуре когнитивных функций и тревожности у кардиохирургических пациентов в зависимости от выраженности стенозов сонных артерий</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The changes in the structure of cognitive functions and anxiety in cardiac surgery patients depending on the severity of carotid arteries</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7831-9404</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Разумникова</surname><given-names>О. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Razumnikova</surname><given-names>O. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Разумникова Ольга Михайловна - доктор биологических наук, профессор кафедры психологии и педагогики факультета гуманитарного образования.</p><p>просп. К. Маркса, 20, Новосибирск, 630073.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga M. Razumnikova - Phd, Professor at the Department of Psychology and Pedagogy, Novosibirsk State Technical University.</p><p>20, K. Marx Ave., Novosibirsk, 630070.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6391-0170</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тарасова</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tarasova</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тарасова Ирина Валерьевна - доктор медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории нейро-сосудистой патологии отдела клинической кардиологии.</p><p>Сосновый бульвар, 6, Кемерово, 650002.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina V. Tarasova - Phd, Senior Research Assistant at the Laboratory of Neurovascular Pathology at the Department of Clinical Cardiology, Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases”.</p><p>6, Sosnoviy blvd., Kemerovo, 650002.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">taraiv@kemcardio.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8260-8033</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трубникова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Trubnikova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Трубникова Ольга Александровна - доктор медицинских наук, заведующая лабораторией нейро-сосудистой патологии отдела клинической кардиологии.</p><p>Сосновый бульвар, 6, Кемерово, 650002.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga A. Trubnikova - PhD, Head of the Neurovascular Pathology Laboratory at the Department of Clinical Cardiology, Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases”.</p><p>6, Sosnoviy blvd., Kemerovo, 650002.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4642-3610</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Барбараш</surname><given-names>О. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Barbarash</surname><given-names>O. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Барбараш Ольга Леонидовна - доктор медицинских наук, профессор, член-корреспондент РАН, директор.</p><p>Сосновый бульвар, 6, Кемерово, 650002.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga L. Barbarash - PhD, Professor, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Head of Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases”.</p><p>6, Sosnoviy blvd., Kemerovo, 650002.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Новосибирский государственный технический университет<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Novosibirsk State Technical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский институт комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>03</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>36</fpage><lpage>48</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Разумникова О.М., Тарасова И.В., Трубникова О.А., Барбараш О.Л., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Разумникова О.М., Тарасова И.В., Трубникова О.А., Барбараш О.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Razumnikova O.M., Tarasova I.V., Trubnikova O.A., Barbarash O.L.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.nii-kpssz.com/jour/article/view/1053">https://www.nii-kpssz.com/jour/article/view/1053</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Основные положения</title><p>Основные положения. Впервые показано, что выраженный (более 50%) стеноз сонных артерий (СА) приводит к значимому замедлению формирования реакции при селекции информации и эти пациенты характеризуются старшим возрастом и тенденцией к росту личностной тревожности по сравнению с больными с отсутствием стенозов СА.</p><p>Обнаружено, что отличительной особенностью когнитивного статуса пациентов с выраженными стенозами СА в раннем послеоперационном периоде кардиохирургического вмешательства служат снижение объема внимания и ухудшение памяти в сравнении с больными с отсутствием стенозов СА, при этом скоростные показатели селекции информации положительно связаны с личностной тревожностью.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Проанализировать послеоперационные изменения эффективности селекции информации и памяти в зависимости от степени стеноза сонных артерий (СА) (более 50%) и возраста пациентов и выяснить роль показателя личностной тревожности, измеренного до оперативного вмешательства.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В проспективное исследование включены 229 больных, перенесших изолированное коронарное шунтирование (КШ) либо КШ в сочетании с каротидной эндартерэктомией. Клиническое, инструментальное и расширенное психометрическое обследование выполнено до вмешательства и на 7-10-е сут после операции. Оценка состояния экстракраниальных сосудов проведена до операции с использованием цветного дуплексного сканирования. По результатам этой оценки сформированы три группы пациентов: отсутствие стеноза СА (n = 124), стеноз СА менее 50% (n = 69) и более 50% (n = 36).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Больные со стенозами СА более 50% отличаются от пациентов с отсутствием стенозов и стенозами менее 50% более медленной реакцией в разных условиях селекции зрительных стимулов и старшим возрастом. В послеоперационном периоде кардиохирургических вмешательств только в группе лиц без стенозов отмечено улучшение устойчивости селекции информации (увеличение количества обрабатываемых за 4 минуты символов теста корректурной пробы Бурдона; p&lt;0,00006) и кратковременной памяти (р = 0,03) в сравнении с тестированием до операции. У пациентов со стенозами менее 50% наряду с повышением устойчивости селекции информации показатели кратковременной памяти снижались (р&lt;0,05), а в группе со стенозами более 50% отмечено как уменьшение устойчивости селекции информации, так и кратковременной памяти (р&lt;0,05). Дополнительными факторами когнитивного дефицита при стенозе СА выступают личностная тревожность, связанная с ухудшением памяти, и наличие ОНМК в анамнезе, ассоциированное со снижением эффективности сложной зрительно-моторной реакции.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. В результате комплексного анализа когнитивного статуса кардиохирургических пациентов с разной выраженностью стенозов СА установлено, что увеличение возраста и степени стеноза служит фактором замедления формирования ответа в разных условиях селекции информации. Для дифференциации групп больных в зависимости от выраженности стеноза в послеоперационном периоде информативно тестирование кратковременной памяти и устойчивости внимания, показатель которого улучшается в группе без стеноза, но снижается в группе с выраженным стенозом.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Highlights</title><p>Highlights. The article revealed that severe (more than 50%) carotid artery (CA) stenosis was associated with significant slowdown of the information selection processes, and these patients were characterized by older age and tendency to an increase in trait anxiety compared to the patients without CA stenosis.</p><p>It was found that the reduced attention and memory was a typical feature of the cognitive status in patients with severe CA stenosis in the early postoperative period of cardiac surgery in comparison with the patients without CA stenosis. At the same time the speed characteristics indicators of the information selection processes in these patients are positively related to state anxiety.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. The cardiac surgery patients were studied in order to analyze the postoperative changes in the efficiency of selection information and memory processes depending on the degree of carotid artery (CA) stenosis (including more than 50%) and the age and the role of the trait anxiety indicator assessed before surgery.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. The prospective study included 229 patients undergoing elected coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) or CABG and carotid endarterectomy (CEE). Each study participant underwent clinical, instrumental and extended psychometric examination before cardiac surgery and at 7-10 days after surgery. The evaluation of the extracranial vessels state was carried out before surgery using color duplex scanning. Based on the results of assessing the extracranial vessels state, all patients were divided into three groups: no stenosis (n = 124), CA stenosis less than 50% (n = 69) and more than 50% (n = 36).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. It was found out that the patients with CA stenoses more than 50% are characterized by a slower reaction under different conditions of visual stimuli selection and by an older age as compared with patients with no stenoses as well as patients with stenoses less than 50%. In the postoperative period of cardiac surgery in comparison with testing before surgery there was an improvement in the information selection stability (an increase in the number of processed symbols per 4 minute of the Bourdon's test (p&lt;0.00006)) and short-term memory (p = 0.03) only in the group of patients without stenoses. The patients with stenoses of less than 50% had an increase the of the information selection stability but the short-term memory decrease (p&lt;0.05) whereas the group with stenoses more than 50% had a decrease in both the stability of information selection and short-term memory (p&lt;0,05). Additional factors of cognitive deficit in CA stenosis patients were trait anxiety associated with memory impairment and a history of stroke that related to a decrease in the effectiveness of a complex visual-motor reaction.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The comprehensive analysis of the cognitive status of cardiac surgery patients with different severity of CA stenosis showed that an increase in the age and stenosis degree is the factor of the reaction time slowdown under different conditions of information selection. To differentiate groups of patients depending on the severity of stenosis in the postoperative period the testing short-term memory and stability of attention is informative. These indicators improve in the group without stenosis but decrease in the group with pronounced stenosis. The trait anxiety and the history of stroke were the additional factors of memory impairment due to CA stenosis.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Когнитивные функции</kwd><kwd>Тревожность</kwd><kwd>Стенозы сонных артерий</kwd><kwd>Кардиохирургические вмешательства</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Cognitive functions</kwd><kwd>Anxiety</kwd><kwd>Carotid stenosis</kwd><kwd>Cardiac surgery</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке РФФИ, проект № 19-29-01017.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stary HC. Changes in components and structure of atherosclerotic lesions developing from childhood to middle age in coronary arteries. 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