<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">kpccz</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Комплексные проблемы сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2306-1278</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9537</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17802/2306-1278-2022-11-4S-25-33</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">kpccz-1274</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОНЛАЙН. ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ. Кардиология</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ONLINE. ORIGINAL STUDIES. CARDIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Дефицит витамина D у лиц старше 50 лет при наличии и отсутствии каротидного атеросклероза: одномоментное амбулаторное исследование</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vitamin D deficiency in persons over 50 years of age with and without carotid artery atherosclerosis: a cross-sectional outpatient study</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5070-5955</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Михайлова</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikhailova</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михайлова Лариса Викторовна - кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры терапии медицинского института.</p><p>ул. А. Невского, 14, Калининград, 236041</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Larisa V. Mikhailova - PhD, Associate Professor at the Department of Therapy, Medical Institute, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University.</p><p>14, A. Nevskogo St., Kaliningrad, 236016</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mihalysa@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8164-0645</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коваленко</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovalenko</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Коваленко Марина Анатольевна - начальник кабинета функциональной диагностики.</p><p>ул. Дмитрия Донского, 3, Калининград, 236022</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina A. Kovalenko - Head of the Functional Diagnostics Office, Medical and Sanitary Unit of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation in the Kaliningrad Region.</p><p>3, Dm. Donskoy St., Kaliningrad, 236022</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5231-6910</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Литвинова</surname><given-names>Л. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Litvinova</surname><given-names>L. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Литвинова Лариса Сергеевна - доктор медицинских наук, профессор директор центра иммунологии и клеточных биотехнологий.</p><p>ул. А. Невского, 14, Калининград, 236041</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Larisa S. Litvinova - PhD, Professor, Director of the Center for Immunology and Cellular Biotechnologies, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University.</p><p>14, A. Nevskogo St., Kaliningrad, 236016</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4646-3436</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Газатова</surname><given-names>Н. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gazatova</surname><given-names>N. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Газатова Наталья Динисламовна - кандидат биологических наук, заведующая лабораторией экспериментальных исследований препаратов крови центра иммунологии и клеточных биотехнологий.</p><p>ул. А. Невского, 14, Калининград, 236041</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia D. Gazatova - PhD, Head  of  the  Laboratory   of Experimental Studies of Blood Products, Center for Immunology and Cellular Biotechnology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University.</p><p>14, A. Nevskogo St., Kaliningrad, 236016</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4989-045X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вульф</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vulf</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вульф Мария Александровна - кандидат биологических наук, научный сотрудник Центра иммунологии и клеточных биотехнологий.</p><p>ул. А. Невского, 14, Калининград, 236041</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria A. Vulf - PhD, Researcher at the Center for Immunology and Cellular Biotechnologies, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University.</p><p>14, A. Nevskogo St., Kaliningrad, 236016</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Балтийский федеральный университет имени Иммануила Канта<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Медико-санитарная часть Министерства внутренних дел Российской Федерации по Калининградской области<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Medical and Sanitary Unit of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation in the Kaliningrad Region<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>02</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>4S</issue><issue-title>приложение</issue-title><fpage>25</fpage><lpage>33</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Михайлова Л.В., Коваленко М.А., Литвинова Л.С., Газатова Н.Д., Вульф М.А., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Михайлова Л.В., Коваленко М.А., Литвинова Л.С., Газатова Н.Д., Вульф М.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mikhailova L.V., Kovalenko M.A., Litvinova L.S., Gazatova N.D., Vulf M.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.nii-kpssz.com/jour/article/view/1274">https://www.nii-kpssz.com/jour/article/view/1274</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Основные положения</title><p>Основные положения. У лиц старше 50 лет с факторами сердечно-сосудистого риска выявлена связь уровня витамина D с расчетной скоростью клубочковой фильтрации и уровнем триглицеридов. Дефицит витамина D чаще наблюдался у лиц, перенесших острый коронарный синдром. У них же чаще встречались абдоминальное ожирение и сахарный диабет 2-го типа, что подтверждает связь недостаточности витамина D с метаболическим синдромом. Высокая распространенность как недостаточности витамина D, так и метаболического синдрома в популяции обусловливает необходимость проведения дальнейших более масштабных исследований по выявлению взаимосвязи уровня витамина D и факторов сердечно-сосудистого риска.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Оценка уровня витамина D у лиц старше 50 лет с наличием/отсутствием каротидного атеросклероза.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведено одномоментное обсервационное исследование, в которое включено 70 амбулаторных пациентов старше 50 лет: 17 (24%) мужчин и 53 (76%) женщины. Средний возраст больных составил 66 (60; 72) лет. Всем обследованным выполнены сбор анамнеза, антропометрия,  биохимическое исследование плазмы крови с определением показателей липидного спектра, глюкозы, креатинина и расчетной скорости клубочковой фильтрации, эхокардиографическое исследование. Наличие каротидного  атеросклероза определено при помощи ультразвукового исследования сонных артерий. Уровень 25-OH витамина D в сыворотке крови исследован методом иммуноферментного анализа (25-OH vitamin D ELISA).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Около половины (46%) обследованных лиц имели недостаточное содержание витамина D в плазме крови, при этом его дефицит (менее 20 нг/мл) определен у 9% пациентов. У лиц с каротидным атеросклерозом уровень витамина D был несколько ниже в сравнении с лицами без него, однако различия не достигали статистической значимости. У лиц, перенесших острый коронарный синдром, наблюдалось статистически значимое снижение уровня витамина D, большинство таких пациентов имели сахарный диабет и абдоминальное ожирение. Выявлены статистически значимые умеренные связи уровня витамина D с уровнями триглицеридов (r = –0,33; р&lt;0,05) и расчетной скорости клубочковой фильтрации (r = 0,26; р&lt;0,05), что подтверждает связь дефицита витамина D c метаболическим синдромом. Статистической закономерности между уровнем витамина D и другими лабораторными биохимическими показателями, а также морфологическими изменениями сердца и сосудов не обнаружено.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Недостаточное содержание витамина D в плазме крови чаще встречается у лиц с острым коронарным синдромом в анамнезе, среди них чаще выявляют сахарный диабет и абдоминальное ожирение, что подтверждает связь дефицита витамина D с метаболическим синдромом.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Highlights</title><p>Highlights. The association between vitamin D levels and estimated glomerular filtration rate and triglyceride levels was revealed in people with cardiovascular risk factors aged older than 50 years. Vitamin D deficiency was more frequently noted in patients with acute coronary syndrome. They also were more likely to have abdominal obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus, indicating the association between vitamin D deficiency and metabolic syndrome. The high prevalence of both vitamin D deficiency and metabolic syndrome in the population necessitates further larger-scale studies to identify the relationship between vitamin D levels and cardiovascular risk factors.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To assess the level of vitamin D in people older than 50 years with the presence/ absence of carotid artery atherosclerosis.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. The single-stage observational study was conducted, the study included 70 outpatients over 50 years of age, of which 17 (24%) were men and 53 (76%) were women. The mean age of the patients was 66 (60; 72) years. All examined patients underwent history taking, anthropometry, biochemical examination of blood plasma with the determination of lipid spectrum, glucose, creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate, echocardiographic examination. The presence of carotid atherosclerosis was determined by ultrasound examination of the carotid arteries. The study of the level of 25-OH vitamin D in blood serum was carried out by enzyme immunoassay (25-OH vitamin D ELISA).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. It was found that about half (46%) of the  examined  persons  have  insufficient  levels of vitamin D in the blood plasma, while its deficiency (less than 20 ng/mL) was determined in 9% of patients. Individuals with carotid atherosclerosis had slightly lower levels of vitamin D than those without it, but the differences did not reach statistical significance. In acute coronary syndrome survivors, there was a statistically significant decrease in vitamin D levels, the vast majority of these patients had diabetes mellitus and abdominal obesity. Statistically significant moderate relationships were found between vitamin D levels and triglyceride levels (r = –0.33; p&lt;0.05) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (r = 0.26; p&lt;0.05), which confirms the association of vitamin D deficiency with metabolic syndrome. No statistical regularity was found between the level of vitamin D and other laboratory biochemical parameters, as well as morphological changes in the heart and blood vessels.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Insufficient content of vitamin D in blood plasma is more common in individuals with a history of acute coronary syndrome, among them diabetes mellitus and abdominal obesity are more often detected, which confirms the relationship of vitamin D deficiency with metabolic syndrome.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Дефицит витамина D</kwd><kwd>Каротидный атеросклероз</kwd><kwd>Метаболический синдром</kwd><kwd>Ультразвуковое исследование сонных артерий</kwd><kwd>Острый коронарный синдром</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Vitamin D deficiency</kwd><kwd>Carotid atherosclerosis</kwd><kwd>Metabolic syndrome</kwd><kwd>Carotid ultrasound</kwd><kwd>Acute coronary syndrome</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Haq A., Svobodová J., Imran S., Stanford C., Razzaque M.S. Vitamin D deficiency: A single centre analysis of patients from 136 countries. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2016 ;164:209-213. doi: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2016.02.007.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Haq A., Svobodová J., Imran S., Stanford C., Razzaque M.S. Vitamin D deficiency: A single centre analysis of patients from 136 countries. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2016 ;164:209-213. doi: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2016.02.007.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bouillon R.. Extra-Skeletal Effects of Vitamin D. Front Horm Res. 2018;50:72-88. doi: 10.1159/000486072.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bouillon R.. Extra-Skeletal Effects of Vitamin D. Front Horm Res. 2018;50:72-88. doi: 10.1159/000486072.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hutchinson M.S., Grimnes G., Joakimsen R.M., Figenschau Y., Jorde R. Low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels are associated with increased all-cause mortality risk in a general population: the Tromsø study. Eur J Endocrinol 2010;162:935-42. doi: 10.1530/EJE-09-1041.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hutchinson M.S., Grimnes G., Joakimsen R.M., Figenschau Y., Jorde R. Low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels are associated with increased all-cause mortality risk in a general population: the Tromsø study. Eur J Endocrinol 2010;162:935-42. doi: 10.1530/EJE-09-1041.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liu L., Chen M., Hankins S.R., Nùñez A.E., Watson R.A., Weinstock P.J., Newschaffer C.J., Eisen H.J.; Drexel Cardiovascular Health Collaborative Education, Research, and Evaluation Group. Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentration and Mortality From Heart Failure and Cardiovascular Disease, and Premature Mortality from All Cause in United States Adults. Am J Cardiol 2012;110(6):834-9. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2012.05.013.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liu L., Chen M., Hankins S.R., Nùñez A.E., Watson R.A., Weinstock P.J., Newschaffer C.J., Eisen H.J.; Drexel Cardiovascular Health Collaborative Education, Research, and Evaluation Group. Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentration and Mortality From Heart Failure and Cardiovascular Disease, and Premature Mortality from All Cause in United States Adults. Am J Cardiol 2012;110(6):834-9. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2012.05.013.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kestenbaum B., Katz R., de Boer I., Hoofnagle A., Sarnak M.J., Shlipak M.G., Jenny N.S., Siscovick D.S. Vitamin D, parathyroid hormone, and cardiovascular events among older adults. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011;58:1433-41. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2011.03.069.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kestenbaum B., Katz R., de Boer I., Hoofnagle A., Sarnak M.J., Shlipak M.G., Jenny N.S., Siscovick D.S. Vitamin D, parathyroid hormone, and cardiovascular events among older adults. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011;58:1433-41. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2011.03.069.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Oruc C.U., Akpinar Y.E., Amikishiyev S., Uzum A.K., Salmaslioglu A., Gurdol F., Omer B. Hypovitaminosis D is associated with endothelial dysfunction in patients with metabolic syndrome. Curr Vasc Pharmacol. 2017;15(2):152–157. doi: 10.2174/1570161114666161003093443.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Oruc C.U., Akpinar Y.E., Amikishiyev S., Uzum A.K., Salmaslioglu A., Gurdol F., Omer B. Hypovitaminosis D is associated with endothelial dysfunction in patients with metabolic syndrome. Curr Vasc Pharmacol. 2017;15(2):152–157. doi: 10.2174/1570161114666161003093443.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pilz S., Gaksch M., Kienreich K., Grübler M., Verheyen N., Fahrleitner-Pammer A., Treiber G., Drechsler C., Ó Hartaigh B., Obermayer-Pietsch B., Schwetz V., Aberer F., Mader J., Scharnagl H., Meinitzer A., Lerchbaum E., Dekker J.M., Zittermann A., März W., Tomaschitz A. Effects of Vitamin D on Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Risk Factors. Hypertension. 2015;65:1195-1201. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.115.05319.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pilz S., Gaksch M., Kienreich K., Grübler M., Verheyen N., Fahrleitner-Pammer A., Treiber G., Drechsler C., Ó Hartaigh B., Obermayer-Pietsch B., Schwetz V., Aberer F., Mader J., Scharnagl H., Meinitzer A., Lerchbaum E., Dekker J.M., Zittermann A., März W., Tomaschitz A. Effects of Vitamin D on Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Risk Factors. Hypertension. 2015;65:1195-1201. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.115.05319.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Robinson-Cohen C., Hoofnagle A.N., Ix J.H., Sachs M.C., Tracy R.P., Siscovick D.S., Kestenbaum B.R., de Boer I.H. Racial differences in the association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration with coronary heart disease events. JAMA 2013;310:179-88. doi: 10.1001/jama.2013.7228.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Robinson-Cohen C., Hoofnagle A.N., Ix J.H., Sachs M.C., Tracy R.P., Siscovick D.S., Kestenbaum B.R., de Boer I.H. Racial differences in the association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration with coronary heart disease events. JAMA 2013;310:179-88. doi: 10.1001/jama.2013.7228.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults (adult treatment panel III). Third report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) expert panel on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults (adult treatment panel III) final report. Circulation. 2002;106:3143–3421. doi: 10.1161/circ.106.25.3143.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults (adult treatment panel III). Third report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) expert panel on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults (adult treatment panel III) final report. Circulation. 2002;106:3143–3421. doi: 10.1161/circ.106.25.3143.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Barbalho S.M., Tofano R.J., Campos A.L., Rodrigues A.S., Quesada K., Bechara M.D., de Alvares Goulart R., Oshiiwa M. Association between vitamin D status and metabolic syndrome risk factors. Diab Met Syndr Clin Res Rev. 2018: 12(4):501-507. doi:10.1016/j.dsx.2018.03.011.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Barbalho S.M., Tofano R.J., Campos A.L., Rodrigues A.S., Quesada K., Bechara M.D., de Alvares Goulart R., Oshiiwa M. Association between vitamin D status and metabolic syndrome risk factors. Diab Met Syndr Clin Res Rev. 2018: 12(4):501-507. doi:10.1016/j.dsx.2018.03.011.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Godala M., Materek-Kuśmierkiewicz I., Moczulski D., Szatko F., Gaszyńska E., Tokarski S., Kowalski J. Estimation of plasma 25(OH)D vitamin deficiency in patients with metabolic syndrome. Pol Merkur Lekarski. 2016;40(239):288–291.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Godala M., Materek-Kuśmierkiewicz I., Moczulski D., Szatko F., Gaszyńska E., Tokarski S., Kowalski J. Estimation of plasma 25(OH)D vitamin deficiency in patients with metabolic syndrome. Pol Merkur Lekarski. 2016;40(239):288–291.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пигарова Е.А., Рожинская Л.Я., Белая Ж.Е., Дзеранова Л.К., Каронова Т.Л., Ильин А.В., Мельниченко Г.А., Дедов И.И. Клинические рекомендации Российской ассоциации эндокринологов по диагностике, лечению и профилактике дефицита витамина D у взрослых. Проблемы эндокринологии. 2016. Т. 62. № 4. С. 60-84. doi:10.14341/probl201662460-84</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pigarova E.A., Rozhinskaya L.Y., Belaya J.E., Dzeranova L.K., Karonova T.L., Ilyin A.V., Melnichenko G.A., Dedov I.I. Russian Association of Endocrinologists recommendations for diagnosis, treatment and prevention of vitamin D deficiency in adults. Problems of Endocrinology. 2016;62(4):60-84. (In Russian) doi:10.14341/probl201662460-84</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Milazzo V., De Metrio M., Cosentino N., Marenzi G., Tremoli E. Vitamin D and acute myocardial infarction. World J Cardiol. 2017;9(1):14-20. doi: 10.4330/wjc.v9.i1.14.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Milazzo V., De Metrio M., Cosentino N., Marenzi G., Tremoli E. Vitamin D and acute myocardial infarction. World J Cardiol. 2017;9(1):14-20. doi: 10.4330/wjc.v9.i1.14.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Greco E.A., Lenzi A., Migliaccio S. Role of Hypovitaminosis D in the Pathogenesis of Obesity-Induced Insulin Resistance. Nutrients. 2019;11(7):1506. doi: 10.3390/nu11071506.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Greco E.A., Lenzi A., Migliaccio S. Role of Hypovitaminosis D in the Pathogenesis of Obesity-Induced Insulin Resistance. Nutrients. 2019;11(7):1506. doi: 10.3390/nu11071506.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nakhl S., Sleilaty G., El Samad S., Saliba Y., Chahine R., Farès N. Association between vitamin D deficiency and lipid and non-lipid markers of cardiovascular diseases in the middle east region. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2019;73(6):850-858. doi: 10.1038/s41430-018-0280-1.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nakhl S., Sleilaty G., El Samad S., Saliba Y., Chahine R., Farès N. Association between vitamin D deficiency and lipid and non-lipid markers of cardiovascular diseases in the middle east region. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2019;73(6):850-858. doi: 10.1038/s41430-018-0280-1.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Verdoia M., Nardin M., Rolla R., Negro F., Gioscia R., Afifeh A.M.S., Viglione F., Suryapranata H., Marcolongo M., De Luca G.; Novara Atherosclerosis Study Group (NAS). Prognostic impact of Vitamin D deficiency in patients with coronary artery disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Eur J Intern Med. 2021;83:62-67. doi: 10.1016/j.ejim.2020.08.016.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Verdoia M., Nardin M., Rolla R., Negro F., Gioscia R., Afifeh A.M.S., Viglione F., Suryapranata H., Marcolongo M., De Luca G.; Novara Atherosclerosis Study Group (NAS). Prognostic impact of Vitamin D deficiency in patients with coronary artery disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Eur J Intern Med. 2021;83:62-67. doi: 10.1016/j.ejim.2020.08.016.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dziedzic E.A., Gąsior J.S., Pawłowski M., Wodejko-Kucharska B., Saniewski T., Marcisz A., Dąbrowski M.J. Vitamin D level is associated with severity of coronary artery atherosclerosis and incidence of acute coronary syndromes in non-diabetic cardiac patients. Arch Med Sci. 2019;15(2):359-368. doi: 10.5114/aoms.2019.83291.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dziedzic E.A., Gąsior J.S., Pawłowski M., Wodejko-Kucharska B., Saniewski T., Marcisz A., Dąbrowski M.J. Vitamin D level is associated with severity of coronary artery atherosclerosis and incidence of acute coronary syndromes in non-diabetic cardiac patients. Arch Med Sci. 2019;15(2):359-368. doi: 10.5114/aoms.2019.83291.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Naesgaard P.A., León de la Fuente R.A., Nilsen S.T., Pönitz V., Brügger-Andersen T., Grundt H., Staines H., Nilsen D.W. Suggested Cut-Off Values for Vitamin D as a Risk Marker for Total and Cardiac Death in Patients with Suspected Acute Coronary Syndrome. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2016;3:4. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2016.00004.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Naesgaard P.A., León de la Fuente R.A., Nilsen S.T., Pönitz V., Brügger-Andersen T., Grundt H., Staines H., Nilsen D.W. Suggested Cut-Off Values for Vitamin D as a Risk Marker for Total and Cardiac Death in Patients with Suspected Acute Coronary Syndrome. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2016;3:4. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2016.00004.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Correia L.C., Sodré F., Garcia G., Sabino M., Brito M., Kalil F., Barreto B., Lima J.C., Noya-Rabelo M.M. Relation of severe deficiency of vitamin D to cardiovascular mortality during acute coronary syndromes. Am J Cardiol. 2013;111(3):324-7. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2012.10.006.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Correia L.C., Sodré F., Garcia G., Sabino M., Brito M., Kalil F., Barreto B., Lima J.C., Noya-Rabelo M.M. Relation of severe deficiency of vitamin D to cardiovascular mortality during acute coronary syndromes. Am J Cardiol. 2013;111(3):324-7. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2012.10.006.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Богачев Р.C., Михайлова Л.В., Шитова Е.С., Мордвинцев В.В., Анкудович В., Добрынина У.А., Козел А.Ю., Газатова Н.Д.. Дефицит витамина D у пациентов с острым коронарным синдромом. Комплексные проблемы сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний. 2019; 8 (2): 12-20. doi: 10.17802/2306-1278-2019-8-2-12-20.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bogachev R.S., Mikhailova L.V., Shytova E.S., Mordvincev V.V., Ankudovich V., Dobrynina U.A., Kozel A.Y., Gazatova N.D.. Vitamin D deficiency in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases. 2019; 8 (2): 12-20. (In Russian) doi: 10.17802/2306-1278-2019-8-2-12-20</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gondim F., Caribé A., Vasconcelos K.F., Segundo A.D., Bandeira F. Vitamin D Deficiency Is Associated with Severity of Acute Coronary Syndrome in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and High Rates of Sun Exposure. Clin Med Insights Endocrinol Diabetes. 2016;9:37-41. doi: 10.4137/CMED.S39427.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gondim F., Caribé A., Vasconcelos K.F., Segundo A.D., Bandeira F. Vitamin D Deficiency Is Associated with Severity of Acute Coronary Syndrome in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and High Rates of Sun Exposure. Clin Med Insights Endocrinol Diabetes. 2016;9:37-41. doi: 10.4137/CMED.S39427.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
