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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">kpccz</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Комплексные проблемы сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2306-1278</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9537</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17802/2306-1278-2024-13-1-98-108</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">kpccz-1354</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АНАЛИТИЧЕСКИЙ ОБЗОР. Кардиология. Патологическая физиология</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>МЕХАНИЗМЫ ВАЗО- И КАРДИОПРОТЕКЦИИ ПРИ ГИПОКСИТЕРАПИИ АРТЕРИАЛЬНОЙ ГИПЕРТЕНЗИИ И ИШЕМИЧЕСКОЙ БОЛЕЗНИ СЕРДЦА</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>MECHANISMS OF VASOPROTECTION AND CARDIOPROTECTION IN HYPOXYTHERAPY OF ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION AND CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3611-1186</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Игнатенко</surname><given-names>Григорий Анатольевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ignatenko</surname><given-names>Grigory A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор заведующий кафедрой пропедевтики внутренних болезней федерального государственного бюджетного образовательного учреждения высшего образования «Донецкий государственный медицинский университет имени М. Горького» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, Донецк, Донецкая Народная Республика, Российская Федерация</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">secretary@dnmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Донецкий государственный медицинский университет имени М. Горького» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “M. Gorky Donetsk State Medical University” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>98</fpage><lpage>108</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Игнатенко Г.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Игнатенко Г.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ignatenko G.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.nii-kpssz.com/jour/article/view/1354">https://www.nii-kpssz.com/jour/article/view/1354</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Основные положения</title><p>Основные положения</p><p>В статье изложено современное представление об основных звеньях функциональной системы регуляции кровообращения и их реакции на экзогенную гипоксию, а также описаны и систематизированы имеющиеся в литературе сведения о возможных молекулярных механизмах вазо- и кардиопротекции, вовлеченных в ответ на гипокситерапию у лиц с артериальной гипертензией и ишемической болезнью сердца.</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec><sec><title>Резюме</title><p>Резюме</p><p>Гипоксическое кондиционирование заняло важное место в спектре немедикаментозных методов стимуляции адаптационного потенциала здорового человека и пациентов с сердечно-сосудистыми заболеваниями. Существует множество подходов к применению различных способов экзогенной гипоксии, однако нет единого мнения относительно сущности саногенетических механизмов, обеспечивающих многоуровневую функциональную систему поддержания кислородного обеспечения и кровообращения. Описаны приспособительные реакции афферентного, центрального и эфферентного звеньев функциональной системы регуляции кровообращения при гипоксии у здорового человека. Представлены результаты исследований физиологических системных реакций, реализуемых путем дыхательной и вегетативной пластичности при использовании интервальной (перемежающейся) гипоксии. У больных артериальной гипертензией и ишемической болезнью сердца установлены факты хеморефлекторной индукции и модуляции вентиляции легких, вегетативного статуса, особенно симпатической активации периферических кровеносных сосудов и вагусной активации сердечной деятельности. Основные вазо- и кардиопротекторные свойства интервальной гипокситерапии базируются на нивелировании оксидативного стресса, воспаления, активации ангиогенеза, смещении секреторной активности эндотелия в сторону сосудорасширяющих, антипролиферативных и антитромботических медиаторов. Представлены доказательства роли напряжения сдвига и состояния гликокаликса, ангиопоэтина и адреномедуллина в регуляции сосудистого тонуса, а также цитопротекторные свойства цитоплазматических и митохондриальных метаболических факторов в формировании ишемической толерантности кардиомиоцитов. Вопросы взаимосвязи системных (нейрональных и гуморальных) реакций и структурно-функциональных ответов клеток-мишеней в обеспечении адаптивных/компенсаторных механизмов регуляции кровообращения при воздействии экзогенной гипоксии требуют дальнейших исследований и оценки.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Highlights</title><p>Highlights </p><p>The article presents a modern understanding of the main links of the functional circulatory regulation system and its response to exogenous hypoxia, as well as describes the data available on molecular mechanisms of vasoprotection and cardioprotection involved in response to hypoxytherapy in patients with arterial hypertension and coronary artery disease.</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec><sec><title>Abstract</title><p>Abstract</p><p>Hypoxic conditioning has taken an important place in the range of non-drug methods for stimulating the adaptive potential of a healthy person and patients with cardiovascular diseases. There are many approaches to the use of various methods of exogenous hypoxia, however, there is no consensus on the essence of sanogenetic mechanisms that provide a multi-level functional system for maintaining oxygen supply and blood circulation. Adaptive reactions of afferent, central and efferent links of the functional circulatory regulation system in hypoxia in a healthy person are described. The results of studies of physiological systemic reactions realized by respiratory and vegetative plasticity using interval (intermittent) hypoxia are presented. In patients with arterial hypertension and coronary artery disease, the facts of chemoreflective stimulation and modulation of lung ventilation, autonomic nervous system status, especially sympathetic activity of peripheral blood vessels and vagal activation of cardiac activity have been established. The main vaso- and cardioprotective properties of interval hypoxytherapy are based on the leveling of oxidative stress, inflammation, activation of angiogenesis, and a shift in the secretory activity of the endothelium towards vasodilating, antiproliferative, and antithrombotic mediators. We present the evidence for the role of shear stress and the state of glycocalyx, angiopoietin and adrenomedulline in the regulation of vascular tone, as well as cytoprotective properties of cytoplasmic and mitochondrial metabolic factors in the formation of ischemic tolerance of cardiomyocytes. The issues of the relationship between systemic (neuronal and humoral) reactions and structural and functional responses of target cells in providing adaptive/compensatory mechanisms for regulating blood circulation under the influence of exogenous hypoxia require further research and evaluation.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Гипоксия</kwd><kwd>Система кислородного обеспечения</kwd><kwd>Артериальная гипертензия</kwd><kwd>Ишемическая болезнь сердца</kwd><kwd>Интервальная гипокситерапия</kwd><kwd>Вазопротекция</kwd><kwd>Кардиопротекция</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Hypoxia</kwd><kwd>Oxygen supply system</kwd><kwd>Arterial hypertension</kwd><kwd>Coronary artery disease</kwd><kwd>Interval hypoxytherapy</kwd><kwd>Vasoprotection</kwd><kwd>Cardioprotection</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Автор заявляет об отсутствии финансирования исследования.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бойцов С.А., Самородская И.В., Никулина Н.Н., Якушин С.С., Андреев Е.М., Заратьянц О.В., Барбараш О.Л. 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