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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">kpccz</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Комплексные проблемы сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2306-1278</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9537</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17802/2306-1278-2023-12-4-174-187</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">kpccz-1371</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОНЛАЙН. ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ. Кардиология</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ONLINE. ORIGINAL STUDIES. CARDIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>СВЯЗЬ ИНФРАСТРУКТУРЫ РАЙОНА ПРОЖИВАНИЯ И ФАКТОРОВ РИСКА У ПАЦИЕНТОВ, ПЕРЕНЕСШИХ ИНФАРКТ МИОКАРДА</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NEIGHBORHOOD INFRASTRUCTURE AND RISK FACTORS IN PATIENTS WITH MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7058-2008</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Седых</surname><given-names>Дарья Юрьевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sedykh</surname><given-names>Darya Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук старший научный сотрудник лаборатории патологии кровообращения отдела клинической кардиологии, врач-кардиолог федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Научно-исследовательский институт комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний», Кемерово, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, senior researcher assistant at the laboratory of circulatory pathology at the department of clinical cardiology, cardiologist, Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases”, Kemerovo, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">md-sedih@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3729-616X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кашталап</surname><given-names>Василий Васильевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kashtalap</surname><given-names>Vasiliy V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук заведующий отделом клинической кардиологии федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Научно-исследовательский институт комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний», Кемерово, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, the head of the department of clinical cardiology, Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases”, Kemerovo, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">v_kash@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4642-3610</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Барбараш</surname><given-names>Ольга Леонидовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Barbarash</surname><given-names>Olga L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, академик РАН директор федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Научно-исследовательский институт комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний», Кемерово, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, professor, academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Director of the Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases”, Kemerovo, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olb61@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Научно-исследовательский институт комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases”<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>174</fpage><lpage>187</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Седых Д.Ю., Кашталап В.В., Барбараш О.Л., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Седых Д.Ю., Кашталап В.В., Барбараш О.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sedykh D.Y., Kashtalap V.V., Barbarash O.L.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.nii-kpssz.com/jour/article/view/1371">https://www.nii-kpssz.com/jour/article/view/1371</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Основные положения</title><p>Основные положения</p><p>В высокорисковой популяции пациентов с инфарктом миокарда выполнен анализ ассоциаций элементов инфраструктуры района проживания и факторов сердечно-сосудистого риска, что имеет практическое значение для комплексной оптимизации локальных профилактических подходов.</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Изучить связь параметров инфраструктуры района проживания с сердечно-сосудистыми факторами риска у пациентов с инфарктом миокарда (ИМ).</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В исследование включены 150 пациентов, поступивших в стационар с диагнозом ИМ. На основании их субъективного мнения, выраженного по опроснику Neighborhood Environmental Walkability Scale, анализировали инфраструктуру зоны проживания, выделяли ее благоприятные и неблагоприятные параметры. По опросу и медицинской документации идентифицировали факторы сердечно-сосудистого риска.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Среди всех пациентов с ИМ снижали риск артериальной гипертензии наличие разделительной грунтовой полосы в окрестностях (отношение шансов (ОШ) 0,32, 95% доверительный интервал (ДИ) 0,12–0,83) и доступность общественного транспорта (ОШ 0,32, 95% ДИ 0,10–0,95), риск дислипидемии – удаленность ресторана (ОШ 0,50, 95% ДИ 0,26–0,97) и места работы (ОШ 0,32, 95% ДИ 0,12–0,86), риск курения – удаленность остановки общественного транспорта (ОШ 0,20, 95% ДИ 0,04–0,94) и близость ресторана (ОШ 0,50, 95% ДИ 0,26–0,97), риск гиподинамии – удаленность места работы (ОШ 0,08, 95% ДИ 0,01–0,76), риск стресса – удаленность магазина одежды (ОШ 0,45, 95% ДИ 0,22–0,93), риск потребления алкоголя – соответствие условиям, необходимым для воспитания детей (ОШ 0,27, 95% ДИ 0,07–0,97), риск недостаточного потребления свежих фруктов и овощей – удаленность аптеки (ОШ 0,18, 95% ДИ 0,03–0,97), отсутствие разделительной грунтовой полосы (ОШ 0,10, 95% ДИ 0,01–0,91), мусор в окрестностях (ОШ 0,08, 95% ДИ 0,01–0,53) и соответствие условиям, необходимым для воспитания детей (ОШ 0,10, 95% ДИ 0,01–0,70). Повышению риска дислипидемии способствовало ненадлежащее освещение улиц в ночное время (ОШ 3,05, 95% ДИ 1,04–8,92), риска потребления алкоголя – близость магазина одежды (ОШ 2,23, 95% ДИ 1,08–4,57). У горожан с ИМ снижение риска артериальной гипертензии ассоциировано с наличием разделительной грунтовой полосы в окрестностях (ОШ 0,17, 95% ДИ 0,06–0,49) и доступностью общественного транспорта (ОШ 0,19, 95% ДИ 0,05–0,65), стресса – с отсутствием альтернативного маршрута в окрестностях (ОШ 0,27, 95% ДИ 0,09–0,79), риска недостаточного потребления свежих фруктов и овощей – с удаленностью аптеки (ОШ 0,18, 95% ДИ 0,03–0,96), отсутствием разделительной грунтовой полосы (ОШ 0,07, 95% ДИ 0,01–0,63) и тротуара в окрестностях (ОШ 0,14, 95% ДИ 0,02–0,89). У сельских пациентов с ИМ риск стресса уменьшался при наличии тротуара в окрестностях (ОШ 0,21, 95% ДИ 0,05–0,99) и доступности общественного транспорта (ОШ 0,15, 95% ДИ 0,03–0,85).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Выявление неблагоприятных параметров территории проживания у пациентов с ИМ должно способствовать формированию понятия здоровьесберегающей среды, необходимой для уменьшения сердечно-сосудистых рисков ИМ у населения.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Highlights</title><p>Highlights</p><p>The analysis of associations between the elements of the neighboughood area infrastructure and cardiovascular risk factors was performed in a high-risk population of patients with myocardial infarction. This analysis has practical importance for the comprehensive optimization of local preventive approaches.</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To study the association of the neighborhood infrastructure parameters with cardiovascular risk factors in patients with myocardial infarction (MI).</p></sec><sec><title>Material and Methods</title><p>Material and Methods. The study included 150 patients with MI. On the basis of their subjective opinion expressed by the Neighborhood Environmental Walkability Scale questionnaire, the infrastructure of the area of residence was analyzed, and its favorable and unfavorable parameters were identified. Cardiovascular risk factors were identified based on the survey and medical records.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Among all patients with MI, the risk of arterial hypertension with MI was reduced by the presence of a dividing dirt strip in the vicinity of OR 0.32 (95% CI 0.12; 0.83) and accessible public transport OR 0.32 (95% CI 0.10; 0.95), dyslipidemia – the remote location of the restaurant OR 0.50 (95% CI 0.26; 0.97) and the place of work OR 0.32 (95% CI 0.12; 0.86), smoking – distance from a public transport stop OR 0.20 (95% CI 0.04; 0.94) and proximity to a restaurant OR 0.50 (95% CI 0.26; 0.97), physical inactivity – distance from work OR 0.08 (95% CI 0.01; 0.76), stress – remote location of a clothing store OR 0.45 (95% CI 0.22; 0.93), alcohol consumption – compliance of the living area with the conditions necessary for raising children OR 0.27 (95% CI 0.07; 0.97), insufficient consumption of fresh fruits and vegetables – remote location of a pharmacy OR 0.18 (95% CI 0.03; 0.97), the lack of dividing ground strip OR 0.10 (95% CI 0.01; 0.91) and the presence of garbage in the vicinity of OR 0.08 (95% CI 0.01; 0.53), patient satisfaction with the compliance of the living area with the conditions necessary for the upbringing of children OR 0.10 (95% CI 0.01; 0.70). Inadequate street lighting at night contributed to an increased risk of dyslipidemia, OR 3.05 (95% CI 1.04; 8.92), alcohol consumption – proximity to a clothing store OR 2.23 (95% CI 1.08; 4.57).</p><p>In citizens with MI, a decrease in the risk of arterial hypertension was associated with the presence of a dividing dirt strip in the vicinity of OSH 0.17 (95% CI 0.06; 0.49) and accessible public transport OSH 0.19 (95% CI 0.05; 0.65); stress – with the absence of alternative routes in the vicinity of OSH 0.27 (95% CI 0.09; 0.79); the risk of insufficient consumption of fresh fruits and vegetables – with the distance of the pharmacy OR 0.18 (95% CI 0.03; 0.96), the absence of a dividing dirt strip OR 0.07 (95% CI 0.01; 0.63) and sidewalks in the vicinity of OR 0.14 (95% CI 0.02; 0.89). In rural patients with MI, the risk of stress decreased with the presence of sidewalks in the vicinity of OR 0.21 (95% CI 0.05; 0.99) and accessible public transport OR 0.15 (95% CI 0.03; 0.85).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The identification of unfavorable parameters of the territory of residence in patients with MI should contribute to the formation of the concept of a health-preserving environment necessary for further reduction of cardiovascular risks of MI in the population.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Инфаркт миокарда</kwd><kwd>Факторы риска</kwd><kwd>Параметры инфраструктуры</kwd><kwd>Удовлетворенность населения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Myocardial infarction</kwd><kwd>Risk factors</kwd><kwd>Infrastructure parameters</kwd><kwd>Population satisfaction</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Результаты получены при поддержке Министерства науки и высшего образования РФ в рамках соглашения о предоставлении из федерального бюджета грантов в форме субсидий от 30.09.2022 № 075-15-2022-1202, комплексной научно-технической программы полного инновационного цикла «Разработка и внедрение комплекса технологий в областях разведки и добычи твердых полезных ископаемых, обеспечения промышленной безопасности, биоремедиации, создания новых продуктов глубокой переработки из угольного сырья при последовательном снижении экологической нагрузки на окружающую среду и рисков для жизни населения» (утвержденной распоряжением Правительства Российской Федерации от 11.05.2022 № 1144-р).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yusuf S., Hawken S., Ounpuu S., Dans T., Avezum A., Lanas F., McQueen M., Budaj A., Pais P., Varigos J., Lisheng L.; INTERHEART Study Investigators. 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