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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">kpccz</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Комплексные проблемы сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2306-1278</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9537</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17802/2306-1278-2024-13-4S-183-196</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">kpccz-1430</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АНАЛИТИЧЕСКИЙ ОБЗОР. Кардиология. Патологическая физиология</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ПАТТЕРН ЦИРКУЛИРУЮЩИХ МИКРОРНК ПРИ СОСУДИСТЫХ КОГНИТИВНЫХ РАССТРОЙСТВАХ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>PATTERN OF CIRCULATING MICRORNAS IN VASCULAR COGNITIVE DISORDERS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8493-0058</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петрова</surname><given-names>Марина Михайловна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrova</surname><given-names>Marina M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор заведующая кафедрой поликлинической терапии и семейной медицины с курсом ПО федерального государственного бюджетного образовательного учреждения высшего образования «Красноярский государственный медицинский университет имени профессора В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, Красноярск, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Professor, Head of the Department of Outpatient Treatment and Family Medicine, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University” of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">stk99@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2840-837X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шнайдер</surname><given-names>Наталья Алексеевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shnayder</surname><given-names>Natalia A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор ведущий научный сотрудник центра коллективного пользования «Молекулярные и клеточные технологии» федерального государственного бюджетного образовательного учреждения высшего образования «Красноярский государственный медицинский университет имени профессора В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, Красноярск, Российская Федерация; главный научный сотрудник института персонализированной психиатрии и неврологии федерального государственного бюджетного учреждения «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр психиатрии и неврологии им. В.М. Бехтерева» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, Санкт-Петербург, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Professor, Leading Researcher at the Center of Collective Usage “Molecular and Cell Technologies”, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University” of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation; Chief Researcher at the Institute of Personalized Psychiatry and Neurology, Federal State Budgetary Institution “V. M. Bekhterev National Research Medical Center for Psychiatry and Neurology” of the Russian Federation Ministry of Health, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">naschnaider@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2757-4875</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петров</surname><given-names>Артем Владимирович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrov</surname><given-names>Artem V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студент программы «Лечебное дело» федерального государственного бюджетного образовательного учреждения высшего образования «Красноярский государственный медицинский университет имени профессора В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, Красноярск, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student of the program “General Medicine”, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University” of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">artvpetrov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0794-2530</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каскаева</surname><given-names>Дарья Сергеевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kaskaeva</surname><given-names>Darya S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук доцент кафедры поликлинической терапии и семейной медицины с курсом ПО, руководитель отделения общей врачебной практики федерального государственного бюджетного образовательного учреждения высшего образования «Красноярский государственный медицинский университет имени профессора В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, Красноярск, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Associate Professor at the Department of Outpatient Treatment and Family Medicine, Head of the Department of General Medical Practice, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University” of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dashakas.ru@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4378-1308</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трефилова</surname><given-names>Вера Васильевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Trefilova</surname><given-names>Vera V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант института персонализированной психиатрии и неврологии федерального государственного бюджетного учреждения «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр психиатрии и неврологии им. В.М. Бехтерева» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, Санкт-Петербург, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Postgraduate Student at the Institute of Personalized Psychiatry and Neurology, Federal State Budgetary Institution “V. M. Bekhterev National Research Medical Center for Psychiatry and Neurology” of the Russian Federation Ministry of Health, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vermutdoc@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1874-9434</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Насырова</surname><given-names>Регина Фаритовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nasyrova</surname><given-names>Regina F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук главный научный сотрудник, руководитель института персонализированной психиатрии и неврологии федерального государственного бюджетного учреждения «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр психиатрии и неврологии им. В.М. Бехтерева» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, Санкт-Петербург, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Leading Researcher, Head of the Institute of Personalized Psychiatry and Neurology, Federal State Budgetary Institution “V. M. Bekhterev National Research Medical Center for Psychiatry and Neurology” of the Russian Federation Ministry of Health, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">reginaf@bekhterev.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Красноярский государственный медицинский университет имени профессора В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University” of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Красноярский государственный медицинский университет имени профессора В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; &#13;
Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр психиатрии и неврологии им. В.М. Бехтерева» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University” of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation; &#13;
Federal State Budgetary Institution “V. M. Bekhterev National Research Medical Center for Psychiatry and Neurology” of the Russian Federation Ministry of Health<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр психиатрии и неврологии им. В.М. Бехтерева» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Federal State Budgetary Institution “V. M. Bekhterev National Research Medical Center for Psychiatry and Neurology” of the Russian Federation Ministry of Health<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>4S</issue><fpage>183</fpage><lpage>196</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Петрова М.М., Шнайдер Н.А., Петров А.В., Каскаева Д.С., Трефилова В.В., Насырова Р.Ф., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Петрова М.М., Шнайдер Н.А., Петров А.В., Каскаева Д.С., Трефилова В.В., Насырова Р.Ф.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Petrova M.M., Shnayder N.A., Petrov A.V., Kaskaeva D.S., Trefilova V.V., Nasyrova R.F.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.nii-kpssz.com/jour/article/view/1430">https://www.nii-kpssz.com/jour/article/view/1430</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Основные положения</title><p>Основные положения </p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec><sec><title>Резюме</title><p>Резюме</p><p>Сосудистые когнитивные расстройства (СКР) являются одной из распространенных форм непсихотических психических расстройств с вариабельным фенотипом и темпом прогрессирования, трансформацией в сосудистую деменцию. СКР развиваются на фоне сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний, что объясняет важность междисциплинарного подхода в их диагностике и лечении. Изучение новых механизмов развития СКР может помочь в поиске ключа к разработке инновационных методов диагностики и персонализированных подходов к лечению. В последние годы активно изучается роль некодирующих рибонуклеиновых кислот (РНК), при этом наибольший интерес исследователей и клиницистов сконцентрирован на изучении роли микроРНК (miR). Цель настоящего обзора состоит в поиске, обобщении и систематизации доклинических и клинических исследований роли циркулирующих микроРНК как молекулярных биомаркеров развития и прогрессирования СКР. Авторами проведен поиск публикаций в базах данных PubMed, Springer, Web of Science, ClinicalKey, Scopus, Oxford Press, Cochrane, eLibrary с использованием ключевых слов и их комбинаций. Проанализированы публикации за 2013–2023 гг., включая оригинальные клинические исследования СКР и сосудистой деменции. По результатам обзора показано, что циркулирующие miR-409-3p, miR-502-3p, miR-486-5p и miR-451a могут рассматриваться как перспективные молекулярные биомаркеры СКР, однако роль других микроРНК дискутабельна и нуждается в дальнейшем изучении. В будущем можно будет рассматривать ранее изученные циркулирующие микроРНК, обладающие высокой специфичностью и чувствительностью при СКР и сосудистой деменции, в качестве прогностических молекулярных биомаркеров (предикторов) риска их развития и тяжести у пациентов сердечно-сосудистого профиля.</p><p>На основе анализа результатов доклинических и клинических исследований авторами представлены наиболее чувствительные и специфичные микроРНК, ассоциированные с развитием и быстрым прогрессированием СКР у людей с цереброваскулярными и кардиоваскулярными заболеваниями. Кроме того, продемонстрированы микроРНК, облегчающие дифференциальную диагностику СКР и когнитивных расстройств при болезнях Альцгеймера и Паркинсона.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Highlights</title><p>Highlights</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec><sec><title>Abstract</title><p>Abstract</p><p>Vascular cognitive disorders (VCD) are one of the most common forms of non-psychotic mental disorders with a variable phenotype and rate of progression, transformation into vascular dementia. VCD develops due to existing cardiovascular diseases (CVD), which highlights the importance of an interdisciplinary approach to diagnosis and treatment of these diseases. The study of new mechanisms of the development of VCD can help in finding the key to the development of innovative diagnostic methods and personalized treatment approaches. In recent years, the role of non-coding ribonucleic acids (RNA) has been actively studied, while the greatest interest of researchers and clinicians is focused on studying the role of microRNAs (miR). The aim of this review was to search, generalize and systematize preclinical and clinical studies on the role of circulating miR as molecular biomarkers of the development and progression of VCD. The authors searched for publications in the following databases PubMed, Springer, Web of Science, ClinicalKey, Scopus, Oxford Press, Cochrane, e-Library using keywords and their combinations. The publications published in 2013–2023 were analyzed, including original clinical studies of VCD and vascular dementia. The findings of this review show that miR-409-3p, miR-502-3p, miR-486-5p and miR-451a can be considered as promising molecular biomarkers of VCD. However, the role of other microRNAs is debatable and needs further study. In the future, it will be possible to consider previously studied circulating microRNAs with high specificity and sensitivity to VCD and vascular dementia as prognostic molecular biomarkers (predictors) of the risk of their development and severity in patients with CVD.</p><p>Based on the analysis of the results of preclinical and clinical studies, the authors present the most sensitive and specific microRNAs associated with the development and rapid progression of VCD in people with cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, microRNAs have been demonstrated to facilitate the differential diagnosis of VCD and cognitive disorders in Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Биомаркер</kwd><kwd>Генетические предикторы</kwd><kwd>Когнитивные функции</kwd><kwd>Сосудистые когнитивные расстройства</kwd><kwd>Сосудистая деменция</kwd><kwd>микроРНК</kwd><kwd>Диагностика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Biomarker</kwd><kwd>Genetic predictors</kwd><kwd>Cognitive functions</kwd><kwd>Vascular cognitive disorders</kwd><kwd>Vascular dementia</kwd><kwd>MicroRNA</kwd><kwd>Diagnosis</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания ФГБОУ ВО «Красноярский государственный медицинский университет имени профессора В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого» Минздрава России (2023–2025) «Разработка персонализированного алгоритма диагностики сосудистой умеренной когнитивной дисфункции на фоне перенесенного острого инфаркта миокарда на основе новых генетических и биохимических биомаркеров», № 123022800057-6.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Минздрав РФ. Клинические рекомендации. Когнитивные расстройства у лиц пожилого и старческого возраста. Режим доступа: https://cr.minzdrav.gov.ru/schema/617_1 (дата обращения 10.01.2024)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Minzdrav RF. Klinicheskie rekomendatsii. Kognitivnye rasstroistva u lits pozhilogo i starcheskogo vozrasta [Clinical recommendations. Cognitive disorders in elderly and senile people]. 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