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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">kpccz</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Комплексные проблемы сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2306-1278</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9537</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17802/2306-1278-2025-14-1-122-133</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">kpccz-1453</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АНАЛИТИЧЕСКИЙ ОБЗОР. Сердечно-сосудистая хирургия</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS. Cardiovascular surgery</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>СОСУДИСТЫЕ ДОСТУПЫ У ПАЦИЕНТОВ НА ХРОНИЧЕСКОМ ГЕМОДИАЛИЗЕ И ПРОБЛЕМЫ ИХ ДЛИТЕЛЬНОГО ФУНКЦИОНИРОВАНИЯ: СОВРЕМЕННОЕ СОСТОЯНИЕ ВОПРОСА</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>REVIEW OF VASCULAR ACCESSES IN PATIENTS ON CHRONIC HEMODIALYSIS AND THEIR PROBLEMS OF LONG-TERM FUNCTIONING: THE CURRENT STATE OF THE ISSUE</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1566-0078</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Садовский</surname><given-names>Александр Андреевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sadovsky</surname><given-names>Alexander A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач отделения сосудистой хирургии государственного автономного учреждения здравоохранения «Кузбасская областная клиническая больница имени С.В. Беляева», Кемерово, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of the Vascular Surgery Department of the State Autonomous Healthcare Institution “Kuzbass Regional Clinical Hospital named after S.V. Belyaev”, Kemerovo, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aleksanches655655@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3882-709X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сергеевич</surname><given-names>Тарасов Роман</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tarasov</surname><given-names>Roman S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, доцент заведующий лабораторией рентгенэндоваскулярной и реконструктивной хирургии сердца и сосудов отдела хирургии сердца и сосудов федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Научно-исследовательский институт комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний», Кемерово, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD, Associate Professor, Head of the Laboratory of X-ray Endovascular and Reconstructive Surgery of the Heart and Blood Vessels, Department of Heart and Vascular Surgery, Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases”, Kemerovo, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">roman.tarasov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Криковцов</surname><given-names>Александр Сергеевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krikovtsov</surname><given-names>Alexander S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>научный сотрудник лаборатории нарушений ритма сердца и электрокардиостимуляции отдела хирургии сердца и сосудов федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Научно-исследовательский институт комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний», Кемерово, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher at the Laboratory of Cardiac Arrhythmias and Electrocardiostimulation of the Department of Heart and Vascular Surgery, Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases”, Kemerovo, Russian Federation</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Государственное автономное учреждение здравоохранения «Кузбасская областная клиническая больница имени С.В. Беляева»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">State Autonomous Healthcare Institution “Kuzbass Regional Clinical Hospital named after S.V. Belyaev”<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Научно-исследовательский институт комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases”<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>122</fpage><lpage>133</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Садовский А.А., Сергеевич Т.Р., Криковцов А.С., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Садовский А.А., Сергеевич Т.Р., Криковцов А.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sadovsky A.A., Tarasov R.S., Krikovtsov A.S.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.nii-kpssz.com/jour/article/view/1453">https://www.nii-kpssz.com/jour/article/view/1453</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Основные положения</title><p>Основные положения</p><p>Впервые структурировано описаны основных преимуществ и недостатков различных видов постоянного сосудистого доступа при их длительном использовании. В настоящее время малоизученным остается применение аллографтов и биологических протезов, их дальнейшее изучение является перспективным направлением.</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec><sec><title>Резюме</title><p>Резюме</p><p>На сегодняшний день существует большая разновидность сосудистых доступов для проведения сеансов гемодиализа: диализный катетер, первичная или нативная артериовенозная фистула, артериовенозные графты. Основными проблемами использования постоянного сосудистого доступа, приводящими к его потере, являются избыточный неоинтимальный рост, инфекции, легочная гипертензия, steal-синдром (синдром обкрадывания), аневризматические расширения. «Золотым стандартом» с наименьшим числом возможных осложнений считается использование нативной артериовенозной фистулы. Диализный катетер имеет множество ограничений и не рекомендован для применения на постоянной основе. Опыт использования АВГ из синтетических материалов описан во многих зарубежных исследованиях и занимает промежуточное место среди вышеописанных доступов. В настоящее время малоизученной альтернативой остается применение биотрансплантатов (биологические графты) и аллотрансплантатов. Дальнейшее изучение применения аллографтов и биологических протезов с позиции возможных осложнений постоянного сосудистого доступа и сравнение полученных результатов с нативной АВФ и АВГ поможет сформировать единое мнение научного общества об этих материалах.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Highlights</title><p>Highlights</p><p>Today, there is a wide variety of vascular accesses for hemodialysis sessions. For the first time, the main advantages and disadvantages of various types of permanent vascular access with prolonged use are described in a structured manner. Currently, the use of allographs and biological prostheses remains poorly understood, and their further study is a promising area.</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec><sec><title>Absract</title><p>Absract</p><p>To date, there is a wide variety of vascular accesses for hemodialysis sessions, including: dialysis catheter, primary or native arteriovenous fistula, arteriovenous grafts. The main problems of using permanent vascular access, leading to its loss, are revealed: excessive neointimal growth, infections, pulmonary hypertension, steal syndrome (stealing syndrome), aneurysmal dilation. The “gold standard” with the fewest possible complications is the use of native AVF. The dialysis catheter has many problems and is not recommended for long-term permanent use. The use of AVG from synthetic materials has long been described in many foreign studies and occupies an intermediate place among the approaches described above. Currently, the use of biotransplants (biological grafts) and allografts remains a little-studied alternative. Further study of the use of allographs and biological prostheses from the perspective of possible complications of permanent vascular access and comparison of the results obtained with native AVF and AVG will help to form a consensus on these materials among the scientific community.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Сосудистые доступы для хронического гемодиализа</kwd><kwd>Артериовенозная фистула</kwd><kwd>Артериовенозный графт</kwd><kwd>Неоинтимальный рост</kwd><kwd>Осложнения сосудистого доступа</kwd><kwd>Биотрансплантат</kwd><kwd>Аллотрансплантат</kwd><kwd>Катетер для гемодиализа</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Vascular accesses for chronic hemodialysis</kwd><kwd>Arteriovenous fistula</kwd><kwd>Arteriovenous graft</kwd><kwd>Neointimal growth</kwd><kwd>Complications of vascular access</kwd><kwd>Biotransplant</kwd><kwd>Allograft</kwd><kwd>Catheter for hemodialysis</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Авторы заявляют об отсутствии финансирования исследования.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Томилина НА, Андрусев АМ, Перегудова НГ, Шинкарев МБ. 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