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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">kpccz</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Комплексные проблемы сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2306-1278</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9537</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17802/2306-1278-2024-13-4S-38-51</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">kpccz-1556</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ. Кардиология. Нейрофизиология</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ КОГНИТИВНОГО ТРЕНИНГА  С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ КОМБИНАЦИИ ПРОСТОЙ ЗРИТЕЛЬНО-МОТОРНОЙ РЕАКЦИИ С КОМПЛЕКСОМ АРИФМЕТИЧЕСКИХ И ВЕРБАЛЬНЫХ ЗАДАНИЙ  В ПРОФИЛАКТИКЕ РАННЕЙ ПОКД У ПАЦИЕНТОВ, ПЕРЕНЁСШИХ КОРОНАРНОЕ ШУНТИРОВАНИЕ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>THE EFFECTIVENESS OF COGNITIVE TRAINING WITH THE USE OF A COMBINATION OF SIMPLE VISION-MOTOR AND A SET OF ARITHMETIC AND VERBAL TASKS IN EARLY PREVENTION IN PATIENTS AFTER CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS SURGERY</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8260-8033</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трубникова</surname><given-names>Ольга Александровна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Trubnikova</surname><given-names>Olga A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук заведующая лабораторией нейрососудистой патологии отдела клинической кардиологии федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Научно-исследовательский институт комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний», Кемерово, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Head of the Laboratory of Neurovascular Pathology, Department of Clinical Cardiology, Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases”, Kemerovo, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olgalet17@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6391-0170</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тарасова</surname><given-names>Ирина Валерьевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tarasova</surname><given-names>Irina V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории нейрососудистой патологии отдела клинической кардиологии федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Научно-исследовательский институт комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний», Кемерово, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Leading Researcher at the Laboratory of Neurovascular Pathology, Department of Clinical Cardiology, Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases”, Kemerovo, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">iriz78@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4339-8680</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сырова</surname><given-names>Ирина Даниловна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Syrova</surname><given-names>Irina D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук врач-невролог, научный сотрудник лаборатории нейрососудистой патологии отдела клинической кардиологии федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Научно-исследовательский институт комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний», Кемерово, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Neurologist, Researcher at the Laboratory of Neurovascular Pathology, Department of Clinical Cardiology, Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases”, Kemerovo, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ira_dan2011@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0381-5742</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Темникова</surname><given-names>Татьяна Борисовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Temnikova</surname><given-names>Tatiana B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-кардиолог, лаборант-исследователь лаборатории нейрососудистой патологии отдела клинической кардиологии федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Научно-исследовательский институт комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний», Кемерово, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cardiologist, Researcher at the Laboratory of Neurovascular Pathology, o Department of Clinical Cardiology, Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases”, Kemerovo, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">t.13.ermakova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8908-2070</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соснина</surname><given-names>Анастасия Сергеевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sosnina</surname><given-names>Anastasia S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, врач-кардиолог, научный сотрудник лаборатории нейрососудистой патологии отдела клинической кардиологии федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Научно-исследовательский институт комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний», Кемерово, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Cardiologist, Researcher at the Laboratory of Neurovascular Pathology, Department of Clinical Cardiology, Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases”, Kemerovo, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mamontova_1984@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9750-5536</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куприянова</surname><given-names>Дарья Сергеевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kupriyanova</surname><given-names>Darya S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник лаборатории нейрососудистой патологии отдела клинической кардиологии федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Научно-исследовательский институт комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний», Кемерово, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior Researcher at the Laboratory of Neurovascular Pathology, Department of Clinical Cardiology, Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases”, Kemerovo, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kuprds@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4642-3610</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Барбараш</surname><given-names>Ольга Леонидовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Barbarash</surname><given-names>Olga L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>академик РАН, доктор медицинских наук, профессор директор федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Научно-исследовательский институт комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний», Кемерово, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Professor, Director of the Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases”, Kemerovo, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olb61@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Научно-исследовательский институт комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases”<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>4S</issue><fpage>28</fpage><lpage>51</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Трубникова О.А., Тарасова И.В., Сырова И.Д., Темникова Т.Б., Соснина А.С., Куприянова Д.С., Барбараш О.Л., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Трубникова О.А., Тарасова И.В., Сырова И.Д., Темникова Т.Б., Соснина А.С., Куприянова Д.С., Барбараш О.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Trubnikova O.A., Tarasova I.V., Syrova I.D., Temnikova T.B., Sosnina A.S., Kupriyanova D.S., Barbarash O.L.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.nii-kpssz.com/jour/article/view/1556">https://www.nii-kpssz.com/jour/article/view/1556</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Основные положения</title><p>Основные положения</p><p>Впервые продемонстрирована эффективность когнитивной реабилитации для снижения частоты развития ранней послеоперационной когнитивной дисфункции у пациентов, перенесших коронарное шунтирование, вследствие оптимизации показателей нейродинамики и памяти.</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec><sec><title>Резюме</title><p>Резюме</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Изучить эффективность применения когнитивного тренинга (КТ) с использованием простой зрительно-моторной и когнитивной задач для снижения частоты ранней послеоперационной когнитивной дисфункции у пациентов, перенесших коронарное шунтирование (КШ), а также оценить динамику маркеров нейроваскулярной единицы.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В проспективном рандомизированном исследовании принял участие 81 пациент: группа с КТ (n = 43) и группа сравнения (без КТ) (n = 38). Всем пациентам проведены общеклинические, лабораторные и инструментальные обследования, а также расширенное нейропсихологическое исследование и определение концентраций в плазме периферической крови показателей нейроваскулярной единицы.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Установлено, что пациенты, которым в раннем послеоперационном периоде КШ был проведен курс КТ с простой зрительно-моторной реакцией и комплексом арифметических и вербальных заданий, демонстрировали лучшие показатели психомоторных и исполнительных функций (меньшее время реакции, количество ошибок и пропущенных сигналов), а также внимания (больше обрабатывали символов на 4-й минуте корректурной пробы Бурдона) по сравнению с пациентами, которым курс тренинга не проводился. Выполнение КТ сопровождалось снижением концентрации белка S100β в периферической крови к 11–12-м суткам после КШ и тенденцией к повышению концентрации BDNF. У пациентов группы сравнения отмечено увеличение концентрации белка S100β на 1-е сутки после КШ и сохранение повышенного уровня до 11–12-х суток.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Когнитивная реабилитация, сочетающая простую зрительно-моторную реакцию с комплексом арифметических и вербальных заданий, в раннем послеоперационном периоде КШ способствовала снижению частоты развития послеоперационной когнитивной дисфункции и сохранению когнитивного статуса пациентов в большей степени благодаря оптимизации деятельности доменов нейродинамики и кратковременной памяти. Наблюдаемое у пациентов с КТ снижение концентрации белка S100β в периферической крови к 11–12-м суткам после КШ и тенденция роста концентрации BDNF в отличие от пациентов без КТ может свидетельствовать о реорганизации нейроваскулярной единицы.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Highlights</title><p>Highlights</p><p>The effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation in reducing the incidence of early postoperative cognitive dysfunction in patients who have undergone coronary artery bypass grafting has been demonstrated for the first time by optimizing neurodynamics and memory parameters.</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec><sec><title>Abstract</title><p>Abstract</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To study the effectiveness of cognitive training (CT) using a combination of simple visual-motor reactions with a set of arithmetic and verbal tasks to reduce the frequency of early postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) in patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), and to evaluate the dynamics of the neurovascular unit markers (NVU).</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. The prospective randomized study included 81 patients: group with CT (n = 43) and the comparison group without CT (n = 38). All patients underwent general clinical, laboratory and instrumental examinations as well as extended neuropsychological examination and determination of concentrations in the plasma of peripheral blood of NVU markers.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Patients who underwent CT with a combination of vision-motor task and cognitive components in the early post-operative period of CABG showed better psychomotor and executive functions (faster reaction time, a smaller number of errors and missed signals), as well as attention (more processed symbols in the 4th minute of Burdon’s test) compared to patients without training. The patients with CT also had a decrease in the concentration of S100β protein in peripheral blood at 11–12 days after CABG and a tendency towards higher the concentration of BDNF. The comparison group had an increase in the concentration of S100β protein at 1st day after surgery and maintained an elevated level until 11–12 days after CABG.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Thus, the cognitive rehabilitation as the combinations of simple visual-motor reactions with a set of arithmetic and verbal tasks in the early postoperative period of CABG contributed to a decrease in the incidence of early POCD and the maintenance of the cognitive status of patients to a greater extent due to the optimization of the activity of the neurodynamic and short-term memory domains. The decrease in the concentration of S100β protein in the peripheral blood at 11–12 days after CABG and the tendency towards higher concentration of BDNF, observed in patients with CT in comparison to patients without CT, may indicate NVU reorganization.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Послеоперационная когнитивная дисфункция</kwd><kwd>Когнитивный тренинг</kwd><kwd>Когнитивные домены</kwd><kwd>Коронарное шунтирование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>POCD</kwd><kwd>Cognitive training</kwd><kwd>Cognitive domains</kwd><kwd>Coronary artery bypass grafting</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Работа выполнена в рамках поискового научного исследования «Коморбидность при сердечно-сосудистых заболеваниях» (АААА-А20-120052890003-8 от 25.05.2020).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Giang K.W., Jeppsson A., Karlsson M., Hansson E.C., Pivodic A., Skoog I., Lindgren M., Nielsen S.J. 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