kpcczКомплексные проблемы сердечно-сосудистых заболеванийComplex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases2306-12782587-9537Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases”10.17802/2306-1278-2025-14-3-112-120kpccz-1692Research ArticleАНАЛИТИЧЕСКИЙ ОБЗОР. Сердечно-сосудистая хирургияREVIEWS. Cardiovascular surgeryАНАЛИЗ ФАКТОРОВ, ВЛИЯЮЩИХ НА ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ ВРОЖДЕННЫХ ПОРОКОВ СЕРДЦА У ДЕТЕЙ (ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ)ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING THE FORMATION OF CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS IN CHILDREN (LITERARY REVIEW)https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6505-999XСережкинаЮлиана ВасильевнаSerezhkinaYuliana V.

старший лаборант кафедры факультетской педиатрии федерального государственного бюджетного образовательного учреждения высшего образования «Самарский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, Самара, Российская Федерация

Senior Laboratory Assistant, Department of Faculty Pediatrics, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Samara State Medical University” of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Samara, Russian Federation

yuliana300800@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6078-2361СанталоваГалина ВладимировнаSantalovaGalina V.

доктор медицинских наук, профессор профессор кафедры факультетской педиатрии федерального государственного бюджетного образовательного учреждения высшего образования «Самарский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, Самара, Российская Федерация

Phd, Professor, Professor, Department of Faculty Pediatrics, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Samara State Medical University” of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Samara, Russian Federation

galina.santalova@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3131-1368ПорецковаГалина ЮрьевнаPoretskovaGalina Yu.

доктор медицинских наук, доцент заведующая кафедрой факультетской педиатрии федерального государственного бюджетного образовательного учреждения высшего образования «Самарский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, Самара, Российская Федерация

PhD, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Faculty Pediatrics, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Samara State Medical University” of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Samara, Russian Federation

g.yu.poreckova@samsmu.ruТарасоваВиктория ГригорьевнаTarasovaVictoria G.

студентка федерального государственного бюджетного образовательного учреждения высшего образования «Самарский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, Самара, Российская Федерация

Student, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Samara State Medical University” of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Samara, Russian Federation

tarasowaviktoria@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0009-0007-5480-9453БариноваЕлена ВалерьевнаBarinovaElena V.

студентка федерального государственного бюджетного образовательного учреждения высшего образования «Самарский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, Самара, Российская Федерация

Student, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Samara State Medical University” of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Samara, Russian Federation

www.edinoroses@yandex.ruФедеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Самарский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияFederal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Samara State Medical University” of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian FederationRussian Federation202501072025143112120Copyright © Сережкина Ю.В., Санталова Г.В., Порецкова Г.Ю., Тарасова В.Г., Баринова Е.В., 20252025Сережкина Ю.В., Санталова Г.В., Порецкова Г.Ю., Тарасова В.Г., Баринова Е.В.Serezhkina Y.V., Santalova G.V., Poretskova G.Y., Tarasova V.G., Barinova E.V.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.nii-kpssz.com/jour/article/view/1692Основные положения

Основные положения

 

 

Резюме

Резюме

В статье проведен комплексный анализ факторов риска развития врожденных пороков сердца у детей, связанных с состоянием здоровья матери и воздействием окружающей среды. Основное внимание уделено механизмам влияния соматической патологии матери, в том числе метаболических нарушений (сахарный диабет, ожирение), осложнений беременности (преэклампсия) и экологических факторов на процессы кардиогенеза. Рассмотрены ключевые патогенетические пути, включая нарушения плацентарной функции, эпигенетические изменения и окислительный стресс. Особое внимание уделено анализу взаимосвязи конкретных факторов риска и типов формирующихся пороков сердца. Представлены современные подходы к профилактике врожденных пороков сердца, включающие прегравидарную подготовку, коррекцию модифицируемых факторов риска и совершенствование методов пренатальной диагностики. Подчеркнута важность междисциплинарного подхода для снижения частоты врожденной кардиальной патологии.

Highlights

Highlights

 

 

Abstract

Abstract

The article presents a comprehensive analysis of risk factors for the development of congenital heart defects (CHD) in children associated with the health status of the mother and environmental exposure. The main attention is paid to the mechanisms of influence of somatic pathology of the mother, including metabolic disorders (diabetes mellitus, obesity), pregnancy complications (preeclampsia) and environmental factors on the processes of cardiogenesis. The key pathogenetic pathways are considered, including placental function disorders, epigenetic changes and oxidative stress. Particular importance is attached to the analysis of the relationship between specific risk factors and types of developing heart defects. Modern approaches to the prevention of CHD are presented, including pregravid preparation, correction of modifiable risk factors and improvement of prenatal diagnostic methods. The importance of an interdisciplinary approach to reducing the incidence of congenital cardiac pathology is emphasized.

Врожденные пороки сердцаФакторы рискаПатогенетические механизмыПрофилактикаКардиогенезПлацентарная недостаточностьCongenital heart defectsRisk factorsPathogenetic mechanismsPreventionCardiogenesisPlacental insufficiencyАвторы заявляют об отсутствии финансирования исследования.ReferencesШарипова З.У., Ахрарова Н.А., Умарова М.С. Особенности течения послеоперационного периода у детей с врожденными пороками сердца. Science and innovation. 2024; 3 (Special Issue 54): 408-413. doi: 10.5281/zenodo.14185925.Sharipova Z.U., Ahrarova N.A., Umarova M.S. Osobennosti techeniya posleoperatsionnogo perioda u detey s vrozhdennymi porokami serdtsa. Science and innovation. 2024; 3 (Special Issue 54): 408-413. doi: 10.5281/zenodo.14185925. (In Russian)Саперова Е.В., Вахлова И.В. Врожденные пороки сердца у детей: распространенность, факторы риска, смертность. Вопросы современной педиатрии. 2017; 16(2): 126-133.Saperova E.V., Vahlova I.V. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.