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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">kpccz</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Комплексные проблемы сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2306-1278</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9537</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17802/2306-1278-2016-1-95-102</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">kpccz-182</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS AND LECTURES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ПЕРФУЗИИ ПРИ НАРУШЕНИЯХ ЦЕРЕБРАЛЬНОГО КРОВООБРАЩЕНИЯ. ЧАСТЬ I (ИСТОРИЯ, ОСНОВНЫЕ ПОСТУЛАТЫ И МЕТОДЫ ИЗУЧЕНИЯ). ОБЗОР</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>the cerebral perfusion of circulation disturbances . Part I (HISTORY, the basic postulates and methods of research ). Review</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>СЕМЕНОВ</surname><given-names>С. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>SEMENOV</surname><given-names>S. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>650002, г. Кемерово, Сосновый бульвар, д. 6 Тел. 8 (3842) 64-35-19</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>6, Sosnoviy blvd., Kemerovo, 650002, Russian Federation Tel. +7 (3842) 64-35-19</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">semenov@kemcardio.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>ХРОМОВ</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>KHROMOV</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>ПОРТНОВ</surname><given-names>Ю. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>PORTNOV</surname><given-names>Yu. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>НЕСТЕРОВСКИЙ</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>NESTEROVSKIY</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Научно-исследовательский институт комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний», Кемерово, Россия<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Kemerovo, Russia<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования «Кузбасский государственный технический университет имени Т. Ф. Горбачева», Кемерово, Россия<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Federal State Educational Institution of High Professional Education Kuzbass State Technical University named after TF Gorbachev, Kemerovo, Russia<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>05</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>95</fpage><lpage>102</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; СЕМЕНОВ С.Е., ХРОМОВ А.А., ПОРТНОВ Ю.М., НЕСТЕРОВСКИЙ А.В., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">СЕМЕНОВ С.Е., ХРОМОВ А.А., ПОРТНОВ Ю.М., НЕСТЕРОВСКИЙ А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">SEMENOV S.E., KHROMOV A.A., PORTNOV Y.M., NESTEROVSKIY A.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.nii-kpssz.com/jour/article/view/182">https://www.nii-kpssz.com/jour/article/view/182</self-uri><abstract><p>В первой части обзорной статьи освещаются основные моменты истории развития исследования церебральной микроциркуляции, формирования основных теорий и постулатов, постепенное совершенствование способов качественной и количественной оценки перфузионных показателей головного мозга в науке и медицинской практике. Представлены и обсуждены с точки зрения преимуществ и недостатков современные методы оценки перфузии головного мозга: транскраниальная допплерография (ТКДГ ), позитронная эмиссионная томография (ПЭТ), однофотонная эмиссионная компьютерная томография (ОФЭКТ), перфузионная компьютерная (ПКТ) и магнитно-резонансная (ПМРТ) методики. Большая часть всех исследований связана с использованием радионуклидных препаратов или контрастных средств. Отмечается, что в практике лучевой диагностики нарушений мозгового кровообращения на сегодняшний день в большей степени ТКДГ и перфузионные КТ и МРТ. В последние годы все больше исследований выполняется в отношении клинической апробации бесконтрастной МР-методики (ASL), связанной с эндогенным маркированием и регистрацией церебрального кровотока, что, учитывая абсолютную безопасность при отсутствии внешнего контрастирования делает ее привлекательной для клинического применения в возможно недалеком будущем. Вторая часть статьи посвящена детальному рассмотрению вопросов диагностической семиотики различных нозологических форм нарушений церебрального кровообращения с использованием КТ- и МР-методик перфузионного исследования, являющихся на сегодняшний день наиболее доступными в широкой сети здравоохранения. Обсуждены физические основы изменений параметров тканевого кровотока, оценка состояния мозга по картам перфузии скорости (CBF), объема кровотока (CBV), времени транзита (МТТ ) и наступления пика (TT P) контрастирования как в «классических», так и в «сложных» клинических случаях на основании трудов наиболее авторитетных в этой области исследователей.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In the first part of a review article highlights the key moments of the history of the study of cerebral microcirculation, formation of the basic theories and postulates a gradual improvement of the methods of qualitative and quantitative assessment of brain perfusion parameters in science and medical practice. Presented and discussed in terms of advantages and disadvantages of the current methods of assessing cerebral perfusion: transcranial Doppler (TCD), positron emission tomography (PET), single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) perfusion computer tomography (PCT) and magnetic resonance tomography (PMRI) techniques. Most of all studies related to the use of radioisotopes or contrast media agents. It is noted that the TCD and perfusion CT and MRI prevail today in radiologic practice of cerebral circulation disturbances diagnostics. In recent years, more research is carried out in relation to clinical trial non-contrast MR technique (ASL), associated with endogenous labeling and registration of cerebral blood flow, which considering the absolute safety in the absence of external contrast makes it attractive for clinical use in the near future is possible. The second part of this article will devoted to a detailed consideration of the issues of diagnostic semiotics different clinical forms of violations of cerebral circulation using CT and MR perfusion study techniques that are by far the most accessible to a wide network of healthcare system. There will discuss the physical basis of blood flow parameters changes of brain tissue on the cards of cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral blood volume (CBV), mean transit time (MTT ) and time to peak (TT P) contrast in the «classical» and the «difficult» clinical cases on the basis of the works of the most respected researchers in the field.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>церебральная микроциркуляция</kwd><kwd>перфузия</kwd><kwd>CBF</kwd><kwd>CBV</kwd><kwd>MTT</kwd><kwd>скорость кровотока</kwd><kwd>МРТ</kwd><kwd>КТ</kwd><kwd>ТКДГ</kwd><kwd>ПЭТ</kwd><kwd>ОФЭКТ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cerebral microcirculation</kwd><kwd>perfusion</kwd><kwd>CBF</kwd><kwd>CBV</kwd><kwd>MTT</kwd><kwd>MRI</kwd><kwd>CT</kwd><kwd>TCD</kwd><kwd>PET</kwd><kwd>SPECT</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Johnson P. C. 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