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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">kpccz</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Комплексные проблемы сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2306-1278</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9537</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17802/2306-1278-2025-14-6S-193-203</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">kpccz-1853</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ. Нейрофизиология. Сердечно-сосудистая хирургия</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ОСОБЕННОСТИ ТОПОГРАФИИ МОЗГОВОЙ АКТИВНОСТИ ПРИ ПРИМЕНЕНИИ МНОГОЗАДАЧНОГО КОГНИТИВНОГО ТРЕНИНГА  В ПОСЛЕОПЕРАЦИОННОМ ПЕРИОДЕ КОРОНАРНОГО ШУНТИРОВАНИЯ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>THE TOPOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE BRAIN ACTIVITY DURING MULTITASK COGNITIVE TRAINING IN THE POSTOPERATIVE PERIOD CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFTING</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6391-0170</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тарасова</surname><given-names>Ирина Валерьевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tarasova</surname><given-names>Irina V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории нейрососудистой патологии отдела клинической кардиологии федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Научно-исследовательский институт комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний», Кемерово, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Leading Researcher at the Laboratory of Neurovascular Pathology, Department of Clinical Cardiology, Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Institute forComplex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases”, Kemerovo, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">iriz78@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9750-5536</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куприянова</surname><given-names>Дарья Сергеевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kupriyanova</surname><given-names>Darya S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>научный сотрудник лаборатории нейрососудистой патологии отдела клинической кардиологии федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Научно-исследовательский институт комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний», Кемерово, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher at the Laboratory of Neurovascular Pathology, Department of Clinical Cardiology, Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases”, Kemerovo, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kuprds@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6813-7017</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кухарева</surname><given-names>Ирина Николаевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kukhareva</surname><given-names>Irina N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, врач-невролог, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории нейрососудистой патологии отдела клинической кардиологии федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Научно-исследовательский институт комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний», Кемерово, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Neurologist, Senior Researcher at the Laboratory of Neurovascular Pathology, Department of Clinical Cardiology, Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases”, Kemerovo, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ira-kukhareva77@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8908-2070</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соснина</surname><given-names>Анастасия Сергеевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sosnina</surname><given-names>Anastasia S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, врач-кардиолог, научный сотрудник лаборатории нейрососудистой патологии отдела клинической кардиологии федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Научно-исследовательский институт комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний», Кемерово, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Cardiologist, Researcher at the Laboratory of Neurovascular Pathology, Department of Clinical Cardiology, Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases”, Kemerovo, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mamontova_1984@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8260-8033</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трубникова</surname><given-names>Ольга Александровна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Trubnikova</surname><given-names>Olga A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук заведующая лабораторией нейрососудистой патологии отдела клинической кардиологии федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Научно-исследовательский институт комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний», Кемерово, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Head of the Laboratory of Neurovascular Pathology, Department of Clinical Cardiology, Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases”, Kemerovo, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olgalet17@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4642-3610</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Барбараш</surname><given-names>Ольга Леонидовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Barbarash</surname><given-names>Olga L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>академик РАН, профессор, директор федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Научно-исследовательский институт комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний», Кемерово, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Professor, Director of the Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases”, Kemerovo, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olb61@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Научно-исследовательский институт комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases”<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>6S</issue><fpage>193</fpage><lpage>203</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Тарасова И.В., Куприянова Д.С., Кухарева И.Н., Соснина А.С., Трубникова О.А., Барбараш О.Л., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Тарасова И.В., Куприянова Д.С., Кухарева И.Н., Соснина А.С., Трубникова О.А., Барбараш О.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tarasova I.V., Kupriyanova D.S., Kukhareva I.N., Sosnina A.S., Trubnikova O.A., Barbarash O.L.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.nii-kpssz.com/jour/article/view/1853">https://www.nii-kpssz.com/jour/article/view/1853</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Основные положения</title><p>Основные положения</p><p>Впервые продемонстрировано, что проведение многозадачного когнитивного тренинга у пациентов после КШ способствует снижению плотности источников тока низкочастотной активности во фронто-темпоральных и медиобазальных отделах мозга, которые отвечают за кодирование памяти и регуляцию общего тонуса.</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Изучить особенности топографии мозговой активности, оцененной с помощью метода standardized low resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (sLORETA) при применении многозадачного когнитивного тренинга после проведения коронарного шунтирования (КШ).</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В проспективное исследование были включены 100 пациентов, поступившие в стационар для проведения КШ, в возрасте от 45 до 75 лет. Пациенты в произвольном порядке (методом конвертов) были разделены на две группы: многозадачного когнитивного тренинга (МКТ) (n = 50) и сравнения, без проведения тренинга (n = 50). Протокол МКТ включал постуральную задачу, выполняемую одновременно с когнитивными задачами на умственный счет, вербальную беглость и необычного использования обычного предмета. Курс МКТ проводился ежедневно, начиная с 3–4-го дня после КШ, в течение 5–7 дней. Метод локализации источников – standardized low resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (sLORETA) применялся для оценки топографии изменений электрической активности мозга.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Установлено, что после применения МКТ в раннем послеоперационном периоде КШ наблюдалось уменьшение плотности источников тока на частоте 3–5 и 5–7 Гц по сравнению с предоперационными показателями во фронто-темпоральных регионах коры мозга (t &gt; 3,43; p &lt; 0,003 и t &gt; 3,53; p &lt; 0,007). Межгрупповые различия наблюдались в медиобазальных регионах мозга, пациенты после МКТ имели более низкую плотность источников активности в диапазоне 3–5 Гц по сравнению с группой без тренинга (t &gt; -3.48; p &lt; 0,04).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Проведение МКТ способствовало снижению низкочастотной активности у пациентов после КШ. Топографические особенности были связаны с передневисочными и медиобазальными отделами мозга, которые отвечают за кодирование памяти и регуляцию общего тонуса. Результаты настоящего исследования подчёркивают важность изучения нейронных механизмов, лежащих в основе эффективности многозадачных вмешательств в когнитивной реабилитации. Полученные данные могут быть полезны при разработке и проведении дальнейших исследований, направленных на улучшение программ когнитивной реабилитации.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Highlights</title><p>Highlights</p><p>It has been demonstrated for the first time that multitasking cognitive training reduced the density of low-frequency current sources in the frontal and temporal regions of the brain involved in encoding memories and regulating general brain activity in patients after coronary artery bypass surgery.</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To study the topological features of brain activity assessed using the standardized low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (sLORETA) method in patients with multitasking cognitive training after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. A prospective study enrolled 100 patients admitted to the hospital for CABG, aged 45 to 75 years. All the patients were randomly assigned to a group with multitask cognitive training (MCT) or a comparison group without training (n = 50). The MCT protocol included a postural task performed simultaneously with cognitive tasks involving mental arithmetic, verbal fluency, and the unusual use of a common object. The MCT course was conducted daily, starting 3–4 days after CABG, and lasted 5–7 days. Standardized low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (sLORETA) was used to localize current density sources to assess the topography of changes in brain electrical activity.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. It was found that there was a decrease in the frontotemporal density of current sources at frequencies of 3–5 and 5–7 Hz after MCT during the early postoperative period CABG, compared to preoperative values (t &gt; 3.43; p &lt; 0.003 and t &gt; 3.53; p &lt; 0.007). Between-group differences were observed in the mediobasal regions of the brain; patients after MCT had a lower density of activity sources in the 3–5 Hz range compared to the group without training (t &gt; -3.48; p &lt; 0.04).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The MCT helped to reduce low-frequency activity in patients after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Topographic features were associated with the frontotemporal and medial basal regions of the brain, which are involved in memory encoding and regulating general brain activity. These findings emphasize the significance of investigating neural mechanisms underlying the effectiveness of multitasking interventions in cognitive rehabilitation. The data obtained can be utilized to develop and conduct future research aimed at enhancing cognitive rehabilitation programs.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ПОКД</kwd><kwd>Когнитивный тренинг</kwd><kwd>Активность мозга</kwd><kwd>SLORETA</kwd><kwd>Коронарное шунтирование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>POCD</kwd><kwd>Cognitive training</kwd><kwd>Brain activity</kwd><kwd>SLORETA</kwd><kwd>Coronary surgery</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке Министерства науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации в рамках поискового научного исследования «Управление рисками, ассоциированными с коморбидностью, у пациентов с болезнями системы кровообращения на основе применения инновационных лечебно-диагностических и реабилитационных медицинских технологий» (номер государственной регистрации 123033000027-3 от 30.03.2023)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cao P, Guo S, Zhang G, Zan X, Wang J, Zhang F, Muñoz J, Lucke-Wold B, Cheng R. 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