kpcczКомплексные проблемы сердечно-сосудистых заболеванийComplex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases2306-12782587-9537Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases”10.17802/2306-1278-2018-7-4S-101-107kpccz-513Research ArticleАНАЛИТИЧЕСКИЙ ОБЗОРANALYTICAL REVIEWДлина теломер и сердечно-сосудистые заболеванияTelomere length and cardiovascular diseasesСалаховР. Р.SalakhovR. R.

Рамиль Ринатович Салахов - кандидат медицинских наук,  научный сотрудник лаборатории популяционной генетики Федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения ТНИМЦ, РАН НИИМГ, доцент кафедры биохимии и молекулярной биологии с курсом клинико-диагностической лаборатории, врач клинико-диагностической лаборатории СГМУ.

Ул. Набережная реки Ушайки, 10, Томск, 634050; Московский тракт, 2, Томск, 634050

Salakhov Ramil R. - PhD, researcher at the Laboratory of Population Genetics, TNRMC RA S RIMG, Tomsk, Russian Federation; Associate Professor at the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, SSMU.

10, nab. R. Ushayki, 634000, Tomsk; 2, Moskovsky trakt, 634055, Tomsk

ПонасенкоА. В.PonasenkoA. V.

Понасенко Анастасия Валериевна - кандидат медицинских наук, заведующая лабораторией геномной медицины отдела экспериментальной и клинической кардиологии, врач клинико-диагностической лаборатории, врач-лабораторный генетик.

Сосновый бульвар, 6, Кемерово, 650002

Ponasenko Anastasia V. - PhD, Head of the Laboratory of Genomic Medicine, Department of Experimental and Clinical Cardiology.

6, Sosnoviy Blvd., 650002, Kemerovo

ponaav@kemcardio.ruФедеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Томский национальный исследовательский медицинский центр, Российскаяакадемия наук, Научно-исследовательский институт медицинской генетики; Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Сибирский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияFederal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Research Institute of Medical Genetics; Siberian State Medical UniversityRussian FederationФедеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение Научно-исследовательский институт комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеванийРоссияFederal State Budgetary Institution Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular DiseasesRussian Federation20180202201974S101107Copyright © Салахов Р.Р., Понасенко А.В., 20202020Салахов Р.Р., Понасенко А.В.Salakhov R.R., Ponasenko A.V.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.nii-kpssz.com/jour/article/view/513

Известно, что в течение жизни у людей происходит укорочение длины теломерных участков хромосом, ограничивающих количество делений клеток, которые имеют свой предел (предел Хейфлика). Считается, что эволюционно этот феномен является компромиссом для предотвращения риска развития рака. В то же время в современном обществе, в котором продолжительность жизни значительно возросла, укорочение теломерных участков хромосом может играть важную роль в развитии заболеваний, связанных со старением, и в первую очередь с такой группой патологий, как сердечно-сосудистые заболевания, являющиеся в 35% случаев причиной смерти в пожилом возрасте. В обзоре представлена информация, посвященная исследованиям, направленным на определение роли длины теломер в риске развития сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний и описание факторов, оказывающих влияние на изменение длины теломерных участков хромосом, а также возможных причин формирования геномной нестабильности вследствие повреждения теломерных участков хромосом.

Human telomere length shortens with aging and limits the number of cell divisions (Hayflick limit). This phenomenon is believed to be an evolutionary compromise to prevent the risk of cancer. However, the shortening of telomeres can play an important role in the development of age-associated diseases in the modem society with significantly increased life expectancy and, particularly, cardiovascular diseases, causing 35% of deaths among the elderly. The review provides the latest data from the studies aimed at determining the role of telomeres in the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases and describing the factors affecting the telomere length as well as possible causes of genomic instability due to the damage of telomeric regions.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.