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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">kpccz</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Комплексные проблемы сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2306-1278</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9537</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17802/2306-1278-2019-8-2-116-124</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">kpccz-569</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АНАЛИТИЧЕСКИЙ ОБЗОР</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ANALYTICAL REVIEW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ВОССТАНОВЛЕНИЕ КРИТИЧЕСКИХ ПАЦИЕНТОВ – СИСТЕМНЫЙ ПОДХОД</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>A COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH TO THE MANAGEMENT OF CRITICALLY ILL</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8370-3083</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Григорьев</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grigoryev</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заместитель директора по научной и лечебной работе;  заведующий кафедрой анестезиологии и реаниматологии,</p><p>Сосновый бульвар, 6, г. Кемерово, 650002; ул. Большая Серпуховская, 27, г. Москва, 117997</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Deputy Director for Research and Clinical Issues;  Chairman of the Department of Intensive Care, </p><p>6, Sosnoviy Blvd., Kemerovo,  650002; 27, Bolshaya Serpuhovskaya St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0246-3466</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Михайлова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikhailova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студент,</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>student,</p><p>22a, Voroshilova St., Kemerovo,  650029</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5708-2463</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шукевич</surname><given-names>Д. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shukevich</surname><given-names>D. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> доктор медицинских наук, заведующий лабораторией критических состояний ;  профессор кафедры анестезиологии и реаниматологии, </p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> MD, PhD, Head of the Laboratory of Critical Conditions; Professor at the Department of Intensive Care, </p><p>6, Sosnoviy Blvd., Kemerovo,  650002; 22a, Voroshilova St., Kemerovo,  650029</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4291-3380</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Плотников</surname><given-names>Г. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Plotnikov</surname><given-names>G. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> доктор медицинских наук, заведующий отделением анестезиологии и реаниматологии, </p><p>ул. Большая Серпуховская, 27, г. Москва, 117997</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Head of the ICU Department,</p><p>27, Bolshaya Serpuhovskaya St., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8743-4466</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Радивилко</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Radivilko</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории критических состояний, </p><p>Сосновый бульвар, 6, г. Кемерово,  650002</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, senior researcher at the Laboratory of Critical Conditions,</p><p>6, Sosnoviy Blvd., Kemerovo, 650002</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3291-4865</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Матвеева</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Matveeva</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> старший научный сотрудник лаборатории клеточных технологий, </p><p>Сосновый бульвар, 6, г. Кемерово,  650002</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, senior researcher at the Laboratory of Cell Technologies,</p><p>6, Sosnoviy Blvd., Kemerovo,  650002</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Научно-исследовательский институт комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний» ; Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр хирургии им. академика А.В. Вишневского» Министерства здравоохранения Российский Федерации,</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases” ; A.V. Vishnevsky Institute of Surgery</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Кемеровский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Kemerovo State Medical University” of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Научно-исследовательский институт комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний» ; Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Кемеровский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases” ; Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Kemerovo State Medical University” of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр хирургии им. академика А.В. Вишневского» Министерства здравоохранения Российский Федераци</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A.V. Vishnevsky Institute of Surgery</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Научно-исследовательский институт комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>06</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>116</fpage><lpage>124</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Григорьев Е.В., Михайлова А.А., Шукевич Д.Л., Плотников Г.П., Радивилко А.С., Матвеева В.Г., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Григорьев Е.В., Михайлова А.А., Шукевич Д.Л., Плотников Г.П., Радивилко А.С., Матвеева В.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Grigoryev E.V., Mikhailova A.A., Shukevich D.L., Plotnikov G.P., Radivilko A.S., Matveeva V.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.nii-kpssz.com/jour/article/view/569">https://www.nii-kpssz.com/jour/article/view/569</self-uri><abstract><p>Изучение отдаленных исходов лечения пациентов в отделении реанимации и интенсивной терапии (ОРИТ) необходимо для интегрированного восстановления критического пациента. Обучение сотрудников ОРИТ основным реабилитационным методикам для ранней реабилитации и ресоциализации пациентов предусматривает улучшение показателей постреанимационной иммуносупрессии, полинейропатии, полимиопатии и когнтивиной дисфункции. Внедрение реабилитации в ОРИТ позволит избежать концепции «посиндромного лечения» критических пациентов, решить вопрос о «хроническом пациенте ОРИТ», снизить процент осложнений основного заболевания и хронических патологий, ассоциированных с пребыванием пациента в критическом состоянии. Предлагаются алгоритмы восстановления критического пациента уже в первые сутки госпитализации, когда начинают формироваться первые патофизиологические паттерны восстановления. Особо выделяется роль ресоциализации в комплексе методического подхода к реабилитации критического пациента, концепция «Открытой реанимации» и деонтологические аспекты общения медицинского персонала с пациентом ОРИТ. Необходимость профилактики постреанимационного делирия также относится к минимальным мерам по предотвращению постреанимационной когнитивной дисфункции, как и профилактика депрессии, предупреждение чрезмерной седации. Выделен новый фенотип хронического критического пациента – «пациент после критического состояния» и рассмотрены патофизиологические паттерны его формирования. Актуальность исследования подтверждается возрастающим спросом на взаимодействие между сотрудниками ОРИТ и родственниками пациентов, усиление роли социального компонента реабилитации критических пациентов. Новизна исследования продиктована современными подходами к ранней реабилитации пациентов ОРИТ, которая рутинно исключена из работы отделений реанимации и интенсивной терапии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The study of long-term treatment outcomes of patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) is necessary for the rapid recovery of a critically ill patient. Training of ICU staff in basic rehabilitation techniques for early rehabilitation and resocialization of patients allows promoting improvements in postresuscitation immunosuppression, polyneuropathy, polymyopathy, and cognitive dysfunction. The introduction of rehabilitation in the ICU enables avoiding the concept of syndrome-treatment of critically ill patients, solving the problem of “a chronic ICU patient”, reducing the number of complications of the underlying disease and chronic pathologies associated with the patient's critical condition. The algorithms for the recovery of critically ill patients are proposed to be introduced from the first day of the hospitalization, when the first pathophysiological recovery patterns begin to form. The role of resocialization in the framework of this approach to the rehabilitation of critically ill patients, the “open ICU” model and deontological aspects of the communication between medical staff and an ICU patient are put forward. The prevention of delirium after cardiac arrest contributes greatly to the further prevention of post-resuscitation cognitive dysfunction, decreases depression and prevents oversedation. A new phenotype of a chronic critically ill patient, the “patient after a critical condition,” is introduced with the discussion of the pathophysiological patterns involved in its formation. The relevance of this review is confirmed by the growing interest to the integration between ICU staff and patient`s family, thus emerging the role of social aspect of the rehabilitation in critically ill patients. The novelty of this research is imposed by advanced approaches to the early rehabilitation of ICU survivors which are currently neglected from the routine ICU practice.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Восстановление</kwd><kwd>Критические состояния</kwd><kwd>Фенотип хронического критического пациента</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Rehabilitation</kwd><kwd>Critical conditions</kwd><kwd>Chronic critically ill patient phenotype</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gill T.M., Gahbauer E.A., Han L., Allore H.G. Trajectories of disability in the last year of life. N Engl J Med. 2010;362(13):1173–80. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa0909087</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gill T.M., Gahbauer E.A., Han L., Allore H.G. Trajectories of disability in the last year of life. 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