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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">kpccz</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Комплексные проблемы сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2306-1278</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2587-9537</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17802/2306-1278-2021-10-2-47-59</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">kpccz-857</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ. Сердечно-сосудистая хирургия</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDIES. Cardiovascular surgery</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Непосредственные и отдаленные результаты стентирования позвоночных артерий у пациентов с бессимптомным течением хронической ишемии головного мозга</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Immediate and long-term results of stenting of vertebral arteries in patients with asymptomatic chronic brain ischemia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5335-5062</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шугушев</surname><given-names>З. Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shugushev</surname><given-names>Z. Kh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шугушев Заурбек Хасанович - доктор медицинских наук, профессор заведующий кафедрой сердечно-сосудистой хирургии факультета непрерывного медицинского образования медицинского института.</p><p>ул. Миклухо-Маклая, 6, Москва, 117198.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Shugushev Zaurbek Kh. - Ph.D., Professor, Head of the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Continuing Medical Education Division, Medical Institute, Peoples Friendship University of Russia.</p><p>6, Mikluho-Maklaya St., Moscow, 117198.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1501-8356</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карасев</surname><given-names>С. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karasev</surname><given-names>S. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Карасев Сергей Михайлович - ассистент кафедры сердечно-сосудистой хирургии факультета непрерывного медицинского образования медицинского института.</p><p>ул. Миклухо-Маклая, 6, Москва, 117198.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Karasev Sergey M. - a lecturer assistant at the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Continuing Medical Education Division, Medical Institute, Peoples Friendship University of Russia.</p><p>6, Mikluho-Maklaya St., Moscow, 117198.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3593-436X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Максимкин</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maximkin</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Максимкин Даниил Александрович - кандидат медицинских наук заведующий учебной частью, доцент кафедры сердечно-сосудистой хирургии факультета непрерывного медицинского образования, доцент кафедры госпитальной хирургии с курсом детской хирургии медицинского института.</p><p>ул. Миклухо-Маклая, 6, Москва, 117198.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maximkin Daniil A. - Ph.D., Head of the Academic Department, Associate Professor at the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Continuing Medical Education Division; Associate Professor at the Department of Hospital Surgery, Medical Institute, Peoples Friendship University of Russia.</p><p>6, Mikluho-Maklaya St., Moscow, 117198.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">danmed@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чепурной</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chepurnoj</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чепурной Александр Геннадиевич - ассистент кафедры сердечно-сосудистой хирургии факультета непрерывного медицинского образования медицинского института.</p><p>ул. Миклухо-Маклая, 6, Москва, 117198.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Chepurnoj Alexander G. - a lecturer assistant at the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Continuing Medical Education Division, Medical Institute, Peoples Friendship University of Russia.</p><p>6, Mikluho-Maklaya St., Moscow, 117198.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Peoples Friendship University of Russia<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>06</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>47</fpage><lpage>59</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шугушев З.Х., Карасев С.М., Максимкин Д.А., Чепурной А.Г., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шугушев З.Х., Карасев С.М., Максимкин Д.А., Чепурной А.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shugushev Z.K., Karasev S.M., Maximkin D.A., Chepurnoj A.G.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.nii-kpssz.com/jour/article/view/857">https://www.nii-kpssz.com/jour/article/view/857</self-uri><abstract><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec><sec><title>Основные положения</title><p>Основные положения. Впервые у пациентов с атеросклеротическими стенозами позвоночных артерий и бессимптомным течением хронической ишемии головного мозга доказана высокая эффективность комбинированного (эндоваскулярного и медикаментозного) подхода при вторичной профилактике нарушений мозгового кровообращения с учетом приверженности пациента лечению по сравнению с только лекарственной терапией.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Определить целесообразность эндоваскулярных вмешательств у асимптомных пациентов с атеросклеротическими стенозами позвоночных артерий как метода вторичной профилактики нарушений мозгового кровообращения (НМК).</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В I группе (n = 44) вторичная профилактика НМК проведена комбинированным способом - стентирование позвоночных артерий в сочетании с медикаментозной терапией, во II группе (n = 56) выполнено только медикаментозное лечение. В I группе дополнительно проведена «слепая» рандомизация на две подгруппы - 1а и Ib. В подгруппе 1а (п = 22) эндоваскулярное вмешательство выполняли с использованием устройств защиты от эмболии, в подгруппе Ib (n = 22) данные устройства не применяли. Отдаленные сроки наблюдения составили 12, 24 и 36 мес. Критерии включения пациентов в исследование: асимптомные больные со стенозами позвоночных артерий 50-95%; диаметр позвоночных артерий 3,0-5,0 мм; общемозговые и очаговые симптомы, соответствующие начальной (асимптомной) стадии хронической ишемии мозга (по Е.В. Шмидту).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Суммарная частота развития спазма и диссекций во время эндоваскулярного вмешательства в подгруппе Ia составила 20%, в подгруппе Ib - 4,5% (р = 0,0367). Также в подгруппе Ia у 2 (4,5%) пациентов возникли преходящие НМК, в подгруппе Ib периоперационных НМК не наблюдалось. Общая частота серьезных мозговых осложнений за 36 мес. наблюдения составила 4,5% в I группе и 37,5% во II группе (х2 = 15,101; р&lt;0,0001). Частота кардиальных событий - 9,1 и 19,6% в I и II группах соответственно (х2 = 14,784; р&lt;0,0001). Рестеноз имплантированных стентов отмечен у 38,67% больных I группы, которым выполнено стентирование позвоночных артерий различными генерациями стентов. При этом сам по себе рестеноз не влиял на частоту значительных мозговых осложнений в отдаленном периоде (х2 = 0,1643; р = 0,735).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Эндоваскулярное вмешательство в сочетании с медикаментозной терапией помогает избежать развития значительных мозговых осложнений, возникающих вследствие нестабильности атеросклеротической бляшки у асимптомных пациентов со стенозами позвоночных артерий, и является эффективным методом вторичной профилактики НМК.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Highlights</title><p>Highlights. The efficiency of the endovascular treatment combined with medical therapy versus medical therapy has been proven to prevent strokes in patients with vertebral artery atherosclerotic lesions and asymptomatic chronic cerebral ischemia.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To assess the efficiency of endovascular treatment in patients with asymptomatic vertebral artery atherosclerotic lesions as an approach for secondary prevention of strokes.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. Group 1 patients (n = 44) underwent stenting of the vertebral arteries combined with the medical therapy to prevent strokes, whereas group 2 patients (n = 56) received the medical therapy alone. Group 1 was then subdivided into two subgroups -subgroups 1a and 1b. Subgroup 1a patients underwent (n = 22) stenting using the embolic protection devices, while Subgroup 1b patients (n = 22) - embolic protection devices were not used. The follow-up was up to 36 months with regular visits at 12, 24, and 36 months. The inclusion criteria were as follows: asymptomatic vertebral artery stenosis of 50-95%; the diameter of the vertebral arteries of less than 3.0 and not more than 5 mm; the presence of cerebral and focal symptoms corresponding to asymptomatic chronic brain ischemia (according to E.V. Schmidt).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The overall incidence of spasm and dissection during endovascular intervention was 20% and 4.5% in Subgroup 1a and 1b, respectively (p = 0.0367). 2 (4.5%) patients had transient ischemic attack in Subgroup 1a. There were no perioperative strokes in Subgroup 1b. The overall rate of major cerebral complications over 36 months was 4.5% in Group 1 versus 37.5% in Group 2 (x2 = 15.101; p &lt;0.0001). The rate of adverse cardiac events was 9.1% and 19.6%, in Groups 1 and 2, respectively (x2 = 14.784; p &lt;0.0001). In-stent restenosis occurred in 38.67% of patients in Group I, who underwent stenting using various generations of stents. In-stent restenosis did not affect the incidence of major cerebral complications in the long-term period (x2 = 0.1643; p = 0.735).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Endovascular treatment combined with medical therapy allowed preventing cerebral complications associated with the instability of atherosclerotic plaques in patients with asymptomatic vertebral artery stenosis. It has proved to be an effective method for the secondary prevention of strokes.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Стеноз позвоночных артерий</kwd><kwd>Вторичная профилактика</kwd><kwd>Нарушения мозгового кровообращения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Vertebral artery stenosis</kwd><kwd>Secondary prevention</kwd><kwd>Strokes</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Андреева И.В., Калинин Н.В. Сравнительная оценка инструментальных методов исследования позвоночной артерии. Фармация. 2013; 18(161): 103-108</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Andreeva I.V., Kalinin N.V. Sravnitel'naja ocenka instrumental'nyh metodov issledovanija pozvonochnoj arterii. Farmacija. 2013; 18(161): 103-108. 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