DIAGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF THE NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY IN THE PREVENTION OF CEREBRAL INJURY DURING SURGICAL CORRECTION OF CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS IN CHILDREN

Highlights

With the recent advancement in cardiopulmonary bypass techniques in pediatric cardiac surgery, the issue of organ protection during surgery is becoming more urgent, in particular cerebral protection is turning into one of the most important parts of patient management. The aim of this literature review is to determine the role of near-infrared spectroscopy among a variety of techniques for monitoring cerebral function.

Abstract

Near-infrared spectroscopy evaluates regional tissue perfusion and oxygenation of brain tissues during cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Data on the correlation of laboratory markers of cerebral injury and indicators of cerebral oximetry in children make it possible to create effective strategies of cerebral protection and prevention of postoperative cognitive dysfunction as part of a comprehensive intraoperative assessment of the patient's condition. The aim of the article was to analyze the effectiveness of the near-infrared spectroscopy in cerebral protection during surgical correction of congenital heart defects with CPB in children. The search for Russian and English publications (up to 10 years old) was performed using the following databases: Web of Science, PubMed, E-library. The keywords for the search were: “organ protection”, “congenital heart defects”, “children”, “cardiopulmonary bypass”, “near-infrared spectroscopy”. Publications that did not meet the specified criteria were excluded from the analysis. The findings substantiate the use of near-infrared spectroscopy to assess cerebral perfusion for the purpose of cerebral protection in children with congenital heart defects. The effectiveness of cerebral oximetry in various types of cardiac surgery with CPB in children has been shown. Near-infrared spectroscopy is a routine technique for assessing cerebral perfusion for the prevention of cerebral injury during cardiac surgery with CPB. The data presented in the review demonstrate the relationship between laboratory markers of cerebral injury and indicators of intraoperative cerebral oximetry using near-infrared spectroscopy in children during cardiac surgery with CPB. Further research is needed to explore the prospects of the described method of cerebral protection.

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