Диагностика и лечение тампонады сердца

Основные положения. Представленный обзор литературы посвящен современным взглядам на диагностику и тактику лечения тампонады сердца. Рассмотрены сложные вопросы выбора перикардиоцентеза и хирургического дренирования перикардиального выпота для спасения жизни пациентов в ургентных состояниях.

В обзоре систематизированы современные данные о методах диагностики и лечения тампонады сердца. Рассмотрены возможности пошаговой системы принятия решения о декомпрессии перикарда при перикардиальном выпоте для предоставления клиницистам дополнительной информации при отборе пациентов с высоким риском, требующим немедленного вмешательства, и больных, которых следует перевести в специализированное учреждение и/или которым возможно отсрочить выполнение перикардиоцентеза. Проанализированы вопросы выбора перикардиоцентеза и хирургического дренирования перикардиального выпота для оказания помощи пациентам в неотложных состояниях. Освещены практические аспекты выполнения манипуляций и технологии их контроля.

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