CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT PATIENTS WHO SUFFERED FROM COVID-19 IN THE KEMEROVO REGION – KUZBASS (ACCORDING TO THE FEDERAL REGISTRY OF COVID-19 PATIENTS)

Highlights

The article presents the results of the analysis of age and gender characteristics of patients, epidemiological and clinical features of the course of the new coronavirus infection, and appropriate patient care strategies in the Kemerovo region – Kuzbass in 2020–2022 according to the Federal Registry of COVID-19 patients.

Annotation

Aim. To analyze age and gender characteristics of patients, epidemiological and clinical features of the course of the new coronavirus infection (NCI, COVID-19), and the aspects of patient care strategies for this cohort of patients in the Kemerovo region – Kuzbass in 2020–2022 using the data from the Federal Registry of COVID-19 patients.

Methods. The object of the study was the Federal Registry of COVID-19 patients (for the Kemerovo region – Kuzbass). The data was presented in the format of data as of January 10, 2023 and in dynamics – from June 14, 2020 to December 31, 2022. The subject of the retrospective study included: age and gender of patients, prevalence and morbidity associated with COVID-19, mortality from NCI, type of medical care/treatment and its absence (outpatient, inpatient, including treatment in the intensive care unit (ICU)), severity of NCI (mild, moderate, severe, extremely severe), etc. The unit of analysis was the adult population (18 years and older) permanently residing in the Kemerovo region – Kuzbass and included in the Federal Registry of COVID-19 patients with U07.1 and U07.2 ICD-10-CM codes.

Results. The authors analyzed the data of 345,588 patients diagnosed with NCI. The median age was 53.2 (38.7; 66.0) years. The majority of participants were female (61%), the number of males was much lower (39%). The prevalence of the disease in 2020 was 2,593.1 cases per 100 thousand population of Kuzbass, in 2021 it was 6,764.5 cases, in 2022 it was 7,468.8 cases in the analyzed age group. The majority cases were people with mild (78.3%) and less often moderate severity (16.8%) of the disease. The authors noted that the cases with severe (2.9%) and extremely severe (2.0%) course were detected with the same frequency. The majority of patients were undergoing outpatient treatment (75.9%), a quarter of patients (23.7%) were undergoing inpatient treatment, 0.4% of patients refused treatment. The median duration of outpatient treatment was 11 (7.0; 15.0) days, inpatient treatment lasted 10.0 (7.0; 14.0) bed-days. The inpatients were 16.7 years older than the outpatients. In the ICU, 7,025 patients received treatment during the analyzed period, which accounted for 2% of all patients aged≥ 18 years and 8.6% of those who were hospitalized. 75.1% of patients treated in the ICU needed mechanical ventilation. During the analyzed period, 3.9% of the patients with NCI included in the analysis died. Mortality from NCI in 2020 amounted to 124.6 cases per 100 thousand population, in 2021 – 392.5 cases, in 2022 – 136 cases. The median age of the deceased persons was 72 (64.4; 81.8) years, the deceased women were 3.6 years older than men.

Conclusion. The study made it possible to systematize data on gender and age characteristics of patients, epidemiological and clinical features of the course of NCI, as well as aspects of medical care for this cohort of patients in the Kemerovo region – Kuzbass in 2020-2022 according to the Federal Registry of COVID-19 patients. The results obtained can be used for rational allocation of healthcare resources.

1. Bazdyrev E.D. Coronavirus disease: a global problem of the 21st century. Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases. 2020;9(2):6-16. doi: 10.17802/2306-1278-2020-9-2-6-16 (In Russian)

2. Aktual'naya epidemicheskaya situaciya v Rossii i mire. Available at: https://www.rospotrebnadzor.ru/region/korono_virus/epid.php (accessed 20.05.2024) (In Russian)

3. Statistika rasprostraneniya koronavirusa v Rossii na segodnya. Available at: https://coronavirus-monitor.info/country/russia/ (accessed 20.05.2024) (In Russian)

4. McCall B. Different Variants May Cause Different Long COVID Symptoms: Study. Available at: https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/970982?reg=1 (accessed 20.05.2024)

5. El-Shennawy L., Hoffmann A.D., Dashzeveg N.K., McAndrews K.M., Mehl P.J., Cornish D., Yu Z., Tokars V.L., Nicolaescu V., Tomatsidou A. et al. Circulating ACE2-expressing extracellular vesicles block broad strains of SARS-CoV-2. Nat Commun. 2022;13(1):405. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-27893-2

6. Hoteit R., Yassine H.M. Biological Properties of SARS-CoV-2 Variants: Epidemiological Impact and Clinical Consequences. Vaccines (Basel). 2022;10(6):919. doi: 10.3390/vaccines10060919

7. Markova T.N., Stas M.S. The impact of innovative glucose-lowering drugs on the course and outcome of COVID-19 in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus. 2024;27(2):174-184. doi: 10.14341/DM13106 (In Russian)

8. Postanovlenie Pravitel'stva Rossijskoj Federacii ot 31.03.2020 № 373 "Ob utverzhdenii Vremennyh pravil ucheta informacii v celyah predotvrashcheniya rasprostraneniya novoj koronavirusnoj infekcii (COVID-19)". Moskva : Pravitel'stvo Rossijskoj Federacii, 2020. (In Russian)

9. Dedov I.I., Shestakova M.V., Vikulova O.K., Zheleznyakova A.V., Isakov M.A., Sazonova D.V., Mokrysheva N.G. Diabetes mellitus in the Russian Federation: dynamics of epidemiological indicators according to the Federal Register of Diabetes Mellitus for the period 2010-2022. Diabetes mellitus. 2023;26(2):104-123. doi: 10.14341/DM13035 (In Russian)

10. Reported cases and deaths by country or territory. Available at: https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/ (accessed 12.07.2024)

11. Ismagilov R.R., Bilalov F.S., Sharafutdinov M.A., Gil'manov A.Zh., Enikeeva D.R., Skvirskaya G.P. Analysis of medical and social aspects of the new coronavirus infection in the republic of Bashkortostan in 2020-2021. Social aspects of population health. 2022;68(4). doi: 10.21045/2071-5021-2022-68-4-3 (In Russian)

12. Shtygasheva O.V., Ageeva E.S., Pronykina K.V., Puzakova Z.Yu. Epidemiological trends and structure of COVID-19 patients in the republic of Khakasia in 2020. Siberian Journal of Life Sciences and Agriculture. 2021;13(4):59-74. doi: 10.12731/2658-6649-2021-13-4-59-74 (In Russian)

13. Shapovalov Yu.K. Biomarkers of hemodynamic status in patients with moderate and severe COVID-19. Fundamental and Clinical Medicine. 2022;7(4):45-50. doi: 10.23946/2500-0764-2022-7-4-45-50 (In Russian)

14. Fedotov V.D., Tulichev A.A., Fedotova O.O., Dobrotina I.S., Shakurova D.N. Coronavirus Pandemic: experience of the first wave in the Nizhny Novgorod region. The Bulletin of Contemporary Clinical Medicine. 2021;14(2):39-45. doi: 10.20969/VSKM.2021.14(2).39-45 (In Russian)

15. Briko N.I., Korshunov V.A., Krasnova S.V., Protsenko D.N., Glazovskaya L.S., Gostishchev R.V., Salty-kova T.S., Chernyavskaya O.P., Pozdnyakov A.A., Labanovich V.V., Kaneev A.I. Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 during different pandemic periods in Moscow. Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology. 2022;99(3):287-299. doi: 10.36233/0372-9311-272 (In Russian)

16. Drapkina O.M., Karpov O.E., Lukyanov M.M., Martsevich S.Yu., Pulin A.A., Kutishenko N.P., Akimkin V.G., Andrenko E.Yu., Voronina V.P., Dindikova V.A. et al. Prospective in-hospital registry of patients with suspected or documented COVID-19 infection and community-acquired pneumonia (TARGET-VIP): characteristics of patients and assessment of in-hospital outcomes. Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention. 2020;19(6):2727. doi: 10.15829/1728-8800-2020-2727 (In Russian)

17. Borobia A.M., Carcas A.J., Arnalich F., Álvarez-Sala R., Monserrat-Villatoro J., Quintana M., Figueira J.C., Torres Santos-Olmo R.M., García-Rodríguez J., Martín-Vega A. et al.; On Behalf Of The Covid Hulp Working Group. A Cohort of Patients with COVID-19 in a Major Teaching Hospital in Europe. J Clin Med. 2020;9(6):1733. doi: 10.3390/jcm9061733

18. Docherty A.B., Harrison E.M., Green C.A., Hardwick H.E., Pius R., Norman L., Holden K.A., Read J.M., Dondelinger F., Carson G. et al.; ISARIC4C investigators. Features of 20 133 UK patients in hospital with covid-19 using the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol: prospective observational cohort study. BMJ. 2020;369:m1985. doi: 10.1136/bmj.m1985

19. Muromtseva G.A., Shalnova S.A., Kutsenko V.A., Filichkina E.M., Balanova Yu.A., Evstifeeva S.E., Imaeva A.E., Kapustina A.V., Karamnova N.S., Kotova M.B. et al. Proportion of COVID-19 survivors in 2020-2022 in the Russian population (according to the ESSE-RF3 study). Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention. 2023;22(8S):3852. doi: 10.15829/1728-8800-2023-3852 (In Russian)