TYPE 2 MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION: A MODERN VIEW ON THE PROBLEM
https://doi.org/10.17802/2306-1278-2023-12-3-192-199
Abstract
Highlights
The article describes the main differences between the types of myocardial infarction, in particular, differences between type 1 and type 2 myocardial infarction, the complexity of diagnosis and management of patients with myocardial infarction type 2, and summarizes data on the prevalence of patients with myocardial infarction type 2. The arguments supporting the need for further researches to differentiate various phenotypes of myocardial infarction are provided.
Abstract
Despite the high interest in the study of type 2 MI, many unresolved issues concerning diagnosis, criteria for diagnosis and, especially, therapeutic tactics remain unresolved. The available data regarding type 2 MI remain limited and inconsistent, and are based on sources that include the analysis of type 1 MI. According to various predictions, the prevalence of type 2 MI will increase even more. Type 2 MI management strategy should be patient-specific and in accordance with the etiology and pathogenesis, therefore, timely diagnosis, and MI differentiation according to universally accepted definitions is a relevant scientific topic and a practical necessity.
Thus, summarizing all the above, we can say that type 2 myocardial infarction is a topic that encompasses many unresolved issues concerning diagnosis, patient management and further secondary prevention.
About the Authors
Anna V. Motova
Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Kemerovo State Medical University” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; State Budgetary Healthcare Institution “Kuzbass Clinical Cardiology Dispensary named after Academician L.S. Barbarash”
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Postgraduate Student at the Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Kemerovo State Medical University” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kemerovo, Russian Federation; Cardiologist, State Budgetary Healthcare Institution “Kuzbass Clinical Cardiology Dispensary named after Academician L.S. Barbarash”, Kemerovo, Russian Federation
Victoria N. Karetnikova
Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Kemerovo State Medical University” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases”
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
PhD, Professor, Professor at the Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Kemerovo State Medical University” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kemerovo, Russian Federation; Head of the Laboratory of Circulatory Pathology, Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases”, Kemerovo, Russian Federation
Olga L. Barbarash
Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Kemerovo State Medical University” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases”
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
PhD, Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Head of the Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Kemerovo State Medical University”, the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kemerovo, Russian Federation; Director of the Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases”, Kemerovo, Russian Federation
References
1. Thygesen K., Alpert J.S., Jaffe A.S. Fourth universal definition of myocardial infarction (2018) Eur. Heart J. ehy462, doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy462
2. Thygesen K., Alpert J.S., White H.D. Joint ESC/ACC/AHA/WHF Task Force for the Redefinition of Myocardial Infarction. Universal definition of myocardial infarction. Eur. Heart J. 2007; 28: 2525–2538; Circulation 2007; 116: 2634–2653; J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 2007; 50: 2173–2195, doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2007.09.011
3. Collinson P., Lindahl B. Type 2 Myocardial Infarction: The Chimaera of Cardiology? // Heart. 2015; 101(21): 1697-1703, doi: 10.1136/heartjnl-2014-307122
4. Saaby L, Svenstrup Poulsen T., Hosbond S., Larsen T.B., et al. Classification of Myocardial Infarction: Frequency and Features of Type 2 Myocardial Infarction. 138 The American Journal of Medicine. 2013; 126(9): 789-797, doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2013.02.029
5. Mc Carthy C.P., Vaduganathan M., Singh A., Song Z., Blankstein R., Gaggin H.K., et al. Type 2 Myocardial Infarction and the Hospital Readmission Reduction Program. Journal of American College of Cardiology. 2018; 72(10): 1166-1170. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.06.055.
6. Melberg T., Burman R., Dickstein K. The impact of the 2007 ESCACC-AHA-WHF Universal definition on the incidence and classification of acute myocardial infarction: a retrospective cohort study. International Journal of Cardiology. 2010; 139(3): 228-233, doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2008.10.021
7. Zhelnov V.V., Dyatlov N.V., Dvoretsky L.I. Myocardial Infarction Type 2. Myth Or Reality? The Russian Archives of Internal Medicine. 2016; 6(2): 34-41., doi: 10.20514/2226-6704-2016-6-2-34-41
8. Lysenko М.А., Vanyukov А. ., Poteshkina N.G., Suvorov А.Y., Samsonova I.V., Kovalevskaya Е.А. Vasospasm as a cause of type 2 myocardial infarction. tactics outside the guidelines. Russian Journal of Cardiology. 2017;(9):93-98, doi: 10.15829/1560-4071-2017-9-93-98
9. Shilova A.S., Gilyarova E.M., Andreev D.A., Shchekochikhin D.Y., Novikova N.A., Gilyarov M.Y. Embolic Myocardial Infarction. Experience in Diagnosis and Management. Rational Pharmacotherapy in Cardiology. 2018;14(3): 361-369, doi: 10.20996/1819-6446-2018-14-3-361-369
10. El-Haddad H., Robinson E., Swett K., Wells G.L. Prognostic implications of type 2 myocardial infarctions. World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases. 2012; 2(4): 237-241, doi: 10.4236/wjcd.2012.24039
11. Smilowitz N., Weiss M.C., Mahajan A.M., Dugan K., et al. Provoking conditions, management and outcomes of type 2 myocardial infarction and myocardial necrosis. International Journal of Cardiology. 2016; 218: 196-201, doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.05.045
12. Stein G.Y., Herscovici G., Korenfeld R., Matetzky S., Gottlieb S., et al. Type-II Myocardial Infarction. Patient Characteristics, Management and Outcomes. PLoS ONE. 2014; 9(1): e84285, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0084285
13. Szymański F.M., Karpiński G., Płatek A.E., Majstrak F., et al. Clinical characteristics, aetiology and occurrence of type 2 acute myocardial infarction. KardiologiaPolska. 2014; 72(4): 339-344, doi: 10.5603/kp.a2013.0284
14. Landesberg G., Scott Beattie W., Mosseri M., Jaffe A.S., et al. Perioperative Myocardial Infarction. Circulation. 2009; 119(22): 2936-2944, doi: 10.1161/circulationaha.108.828228
15. Baron T., Hambraeus K., Sundström J., Erlinge D., et al. Type 2 myocardial infarction in clinical practice. Heart. 2015; 101(2): 101-106, doi: 10.1136/heartjnl-2014-306093
16. Saaby L, Svenstrup Poulsen T., Hosbond S., Larsen T.B., et al. Classification of Myocardial Infarction: Frequency and Features of Type 2 Myocardial Infarction. 138 The American Journal of Medicine. 2013; 126(9): 789-797, doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2013.02.029
17. A. Hawatmeh, M. Thawabi, R. Aggarwal, et al., Implications of misclassification of type 2 myocardial infarction on clinical outcomes. Cardiovascular Revascularization Medicine. 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.carrev.2019.04.009
18. Erlikh A.D., Barbarash O.L., Kashtalap V.V., Gratsiansky N.A. Compliance with clinical practice guidelines for non ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome: association between outcomes and predictors of poor management (record-3 registry data). Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases. 2016;(2): 75-82, doi: 10.17802/2306-1278-2016-2-75-82
19. Gupta S, Vaidya SR, Arora S, et al. Type 2 versus type 1 myocardial infarction: a comparison of clinical characteristics and outcomes with a meta-analysis of observational studies. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther. 2017; 7(4): 348-58, doi: 10.21037/cdt.2017.03.21
20. L. Sarkisian, L. Saaby, T.S. Poulsen, O. Gerke, N. Jangaard, S. Hosbond, A.C. Diederichsen, K. Thygesen, H. Mickley, Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with myocardial infarction, myocardial injury, and nonelevated troponins, Am. J. Med. 2016; 129(4): 446.e5–446.e21, doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2015.11.006
21. F.M. Szymański, G. Karpiński, A.E. Płatek, F. Majstrak, A.Hrynkiewicz-Szymańska, M. Kotkowski, B. Puchalski, K.J. Filipiak, G. Opolski. Clinical characteristics, aetiology and occurrence of type 2 acute myocardial infarction. Kardiologia Polska. 2014; 72(4): 339–344, doi: 10.5603/kp.a2013.0284
22. Sandoval Y., Thygesen K. Myocardial infarction type 2 and myocardial injury. Clinical Chemistry. 2017; 63(1): 101–107, doi: 10.1373/clinchem.2016.255521
23. A. López-Cuenca, M. Gómez-Molina, P.J. Flores-Blanco, M. Sánchez-Martínez, A. García-Narbon, H.-G.I. De Las, M.J. Sánchez-Galian, E. Guerrero-Pérez, M. Valdés, S. Manzano-Fernández. Comparison between type-2 and type-1 myocardial infarction: clinical features, treatment strategies and outcomes. J. Geriatr. Cardiol. 2016; 13: 15–22, doi: 10.11909/j.issn.1671-5411.2016.01.014
24. Spatz ES, Curry LA, Masoudi FA, Zhou S, Strait KM, Gross CP, et al. The variation in recovery: role of gender on outcomes of young AMI patients (VIRGO) classification system: a taxonomy for young women with acute myocardial infarction. Circulation. 2015; 132(18): 1710 – 1718, doi: 10.1161/circulationaha.115.016502
25. Chapman A.R., Shah A.S.V., Lee K.K. Long term outcomes in patients with type 2 myocardial infarction and myocardial injury. Circulation. 2018; 137(12): 1236–45, doi: 10.1161/circulationaha.117.031806
26. P. O. Guimarães, S. Leonardi, Z. Huang, L. Wallentin, F. Van de Werf, P. E. Aylward, C. Held, R. A. Harrington, D. J. Moliterno, P. W. Armstrong, H. D. White, K. P. Alexander, R. D. Lopes, K. W. Mahaffey, P. Tricoci Clinical features and outcomes of patients with type 2 myocardial infarction: Insights from the Thrombin Receptor Antagonist for Clinical Event Reduction in Acute Coronary Syndrome (TRACER) trial. American Heart Journal. 2018; 196: 28-35, doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2017.10.007
27. Valentine C.M., Tcheng J.E., Waites T. Translating the translation. What clinicians should know about the fourth universal definition of myocardial infarction. Journal of American College of Cardiology. 2018; 72 (21): 2668-2670; doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.10.015
28. Arora S., Strassle P.D., Qamar A., Wheeler E.N., Levine A.L., Misenheimer J.A., et al. Impact of Type 2 Myocardial Infarction (MI) on Hospital-Level MI Outcomes: Implications for Quality and Public Reporting. Journal of the American Heart Association 2018; 7(7): e008661, doi: 10.1161/jaha.118.008661
29. Averkov O.V., Barbarash O.L., Boytsov S.A., et. al Differentiated approach in diagnostics, diagnosis formulation, case management and statistical accounting of type 2 myocardial infarction (Position Paper). Russian Journal of Cardiology. 2019;(6):7-21, doi: 10.15829/1560-4071-2019-6-7-21
30. Martins J.S., Afreixo V., Santos L., Costa M., Santos J., Goncalves L. Medical treatment or revascularization as the best approach for spontaneous coronary artery dissection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. European Heart Journal: Acute Cardiovascular Care. 2017; 7 (7): 614-623, doi: 10.1177/2048872617706502
31. Januzzi J.L., Sandoval Y. The Many Faces of Type 2 Myocardial Infarction. Journal of American College of Cardiology. 2017; 70(13): 1569-1572, doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2017.07.784.
Supplementary files
Review
For citations:
Motova A.V., Karetnikova V.N., Barbarash O.L. TYPE 2 MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION: A MODERN VIEW ON THE PROBLEM. Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases. 2023;12(3):192-199. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.17802/2306-1278-2023-12-3-192-199
Views:
539
