DISORDERS OF MOTOR IMPLEMENTATION OF UTTERANCE IN ADOLESCENTS AFTER RADICAL CORRECTION OF CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS

Highlights

The study, based on an analysis of literature sources and previous research results, examined the motor implementation of speech in adolescents who underwent surgery for congenital heart defects. For the first tine the presence of impairments in sound production was identified.

Aim. To study impairments in motor utterance in patients undergoing surgery for congenital heart defects.

Methods. The study was conducted at the Cardiac Surgery Department No. 2 of the Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases and included a group of 27 adolescents aged 13–16 years who had undergone surgery for congenital (septal) heart defects using extracorporeal circulation. The study of sound pronunciation was conducted using the methodological manual by T.A. Fotekova and T.V. Akhutina. Statistical processing was performed using BioStat Pro software version 5.9.8.

Results. In the pronunciation test, respondents scored 350 points (86%) out of the maximum possible (405); in the sound-syllabic structure test, respondents scored 365 points (90%) out of the maximum possible; and in the word chain repetition test, they scored 152 points (38%). Respondents in the lower age range consistently scored lower. The test for the formation of the syllabic and sound structure of the word did not cause any difficulties, but the task of reproducing syllables caused significant difficulties, which allows us to speak about problems at the level of the serial organization of speech movements and phonemic perception.

Conclusion. The connection between speech disorders and congenital heart defects is demonstrated in thus research. Due to these data, we can conclude about influence congenital cardiovascular diseases on cognitive sphere of such patients. The proven association between cognitive impairment and congenital heart defects in children allows us to conclude that cardiovascular pathology affects a child's cognitive development. This, in turn, necessitates the inclusion of diagnostic measures in the treatment process to enable the timely detection of such disorders and also the provision of this cohort of patients with rehabilitation measures aimed at restoring this function. Further research will allow us to thoroughly examine the relationship between both the congenital defects themselves and the necessary surgical interventions on the cognitive status of children.

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