Major risk factors for developing acute coronary syndrome in young adults
https://doi.org/10.17802/2306-1278-2019-8-4-72-81
Abstract
Aim. To study the factors associated with the development of acute coronary syndrome in young adults.
Methods. 299 patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) aged 25 to 44 years admitted to the Cardiology Department at the Regional Government Budgetary Healthcare Institution “Altai Regional Cardiology Dispensary” were enrolled in the study. The mean age of patients was 40.3±0.2 years. The control group included 53 healthy subjects without cardiovascular diseases aged 25 to 44 years (the mean age of 39.9±0.79 years). Traditional risk factors were assessed in all patients. CBC and blood biochemistry were performed in all patients to determine lipid profile and fasting glucose levels. Additionally, height and weight were measured with the subsequent calculation of the body mass index. Patients with ACS underwent electrocardiography, echocardiography, coronary angiography. Gene polymorphisms FII G20210A, FV G1691A, MThFr C677T were evaluated by polymerase chain reaction in 116 young adults present with ACS and 53 healthy volunteers.
Results.Based on the comprehensive assessment of the clinical and demographic data, traditional risk factors and hemostatic and folate metabolism gene polymorphisms assessment in young adults, the most significant risk factors associated with the development of ACS in young patients included smoking, elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol with the presence of FV G1691A heterozygous polymorphism. The obtained findings could be effectively used in clinical practice to determine patients at high risk of cardiovascular diseases.
Conclusion. Thus, screening for high risk of cardiovascular diseases among young adults should include genetic testing of FV G1691A and MTHFR C677T gene polymorphisms along with traditional risk factors to introduce additional examinations and employ novel preventive strategies.
About the Authors
I. V. Ponomarenko
Regional State Budgetary Healthcare Institution Altai Regional Cardiology Dispansery
Russian Federation
Competing Interests: not
Russian Federation
Ponomarenko Irina V. - cardiologist at the Cardiology Department for Acute Myocardial Infarction.
46, Malakhov St., Barnaul, 656055, +7 (923) 563-43-01
Competing Interests: not
I. A. Sukmanova
Regional State Budgetary Healthcare Institution Altai Regional Cardiology Dispansery; Federal State Institution Altai State Medical Unviersity
Russian Federation
Competing Interests: not
Russian Federation
Sukmanova Irina A. - PhD, Head of Cardiology Department for Acute Myocardial Infarction ARCD; Associate Professor at the Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care ASMU.
46, Malakhov St., Barnaul, 656055; Lenin St., Barnaul, 656038
Competing Interests: not
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Review
For citations:
Ponomarenko I.V., Sukmanova I.A. Major risk factors for developing acute coronary syndrome in young adults. Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases. 2019;8(4):72-81. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.17802/2306-1278-2019-8-4-72-81
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