The purpose. To study the prevalence of social support (SS) and it’s influence on relative risk of myocardial infarction(MI) and stroke in female population of 25–64 years in Russia.

Materials and methods. Under the third screening of the WHO «MONICA-psychosocial» program random representative sample of women aged 25–64 years (n=870) were surveyed in Novosibirsk. SS were measured according to the methodic of Berkman-Sym test (indices of close contacts (ICC) and social network (SNI)). From 1995 to 2010 women were followed for 16 years for the incidence of MI and stroke.

Results. The prevalence of low levels of ICC and SNI in women aged 25–64 was 57,1 and 77,7 % respectively. Low levels of ICC and SNI associated with poor self-rated health and awareness about the health, adverse behavioral habits, high job strain and family stress.

Over a 16 years of study relative risk of MI in women with low ICC was higher in 4,9 times, risk of stroke was higher in 4,1 times than in those with higher levels of ICC. Low SNI increase risk MI incidence in 2,9 times, risk of stroke in 2,7 times (p for all <0,05). Rates of MI and stroke incidence were higher in married women with low ICC and SNI who were being in class «hard manual labor» compared higher SS levels.

Conclusions. Our findings show high prevalence low levels of ICC and SNI, associated with poor self-rated health and reduced awareness about the health. Low ICC and SNI increase the risk of MI and stroke in female population aged 25–64 years.

In article some questions of diagnostics and treatment of patients transferred a myocardial infarction and having in the anamnesis an ischemic stroke are reflected in a sanatorium stage of recovery treatment with application of new methods of physical rehabilitation, mechanical exercise machines at a rehabilitation stage with inclusion of classical medical gymnastics, an assessment of quality of life on the Minnesota questionnaire, and as formation of indications of physical activity of the patient to transfer to an out-patient and polyclinic stage for further recovery treatment.

Тезисы Всероссийской научно-практической конференции «Эпидемиология сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний в XXI веке: приоритетные направления в диагностике и профилактике. Актуальные проблемы организации здравоохранения» 18–19 сентября 2014 г.

The purpose. Demonstrate the capabilities of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of heart as a modern imaging technique in the diagnosis of surgical treatments on the heart left ventricle (LV) in the early postoperative period.

Materials and methods. With the help of MRI in the dynamic («Cine») scan was an assessment of the functional parameters of the left ventricle of the heart: end-systolic, end-diastolic volume (ESV, EDV) and ejection fraction (EF) to revascularization and after 2–3 weeks after intervention interference. Then there were two groups of patients with increasing and decreasing LV EF in the early postoperative period, where by subsequently conducted a comparison of volume indices in patients before and after surgery.

Results. In the period up to 2–3 weeks after revascularization improvement of myocardial contractility was observed in 57 % of patients. The group with an increase in ejection fraction compared with the preoperative value LV EDV value decreased by 19 % and ESV LV – 22 %. The group of patients with a decrease in LV EF after surgery LV EDV decreased by 15 %, and the value of ESR by 8 %. In the postoperative period in patients with an increase in ejection fraction traced LV EDV values decrease by 1,3, and CSR LV by 2,8 in alignment with those parameters in a group of patients with reduced ejection fraction after revascularization surgery.

Conclusion. Due to data obtained by MRI heart doctor may have valuable information about the patient’s condition, which allows to predetermine in the early postoperative period, the severity of left ventricular improve the functional status, which gives an opportunity not only to assess the quality of the operation, but also allows us to predict a positive or negative result of revascularization in the late postoperative period.

The article provides a review of data on the use of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) of the heart with contrast enhancement in the determination of structural and functional changes in the myocardium before revascularization procedures in patients after infarct. The possibility of using the results of MRI in the assessment of the depth and extent of postinfarction cardiosclerosis forecast for recovery of regional and global left ventricular contractility after restoration of coronary blood flow. Determine the value of late enhancement contrast to address the appropriateness of revascularization procedures. Absence or presence of scarring lesions and more than half of the crosssectional wall of left ventricular can be used as a criterion for determining the need for intervention, without exposure to the patient load tests. The article presents a version of the algorithm selection of patients for endovascular intervention or coronary artery bypass surgery by using СMRI data from the position the forecast recovery of contractile function of the myocardium.

The article describes patterns of paramagnetic contrast enhanced MR tomographic imaging of atherosclerotic lesions of aorta in patients with extensive atherosclerosis and previous acute myocardial infarction.

The purpose. We have analyzed MR tomographic imaging features of atherosclerotic lesions of the aorta, with a paramagnetic contrast enhancement, in patients with extensive atherosclerosis and old acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

Materials and methods. The patients population comprised 24 patients with multiple atherosclerosis and old transmural AMI of the left ventricle. As control group eight patients with tumor pathology of the thorax were employed, without evidence of clinically significant atherosclerosis, of the same age range. All patients underwent contrast-enhanced study (paramagnetic in standard dose of 0,1 mmol / kg BW) and index of enhancement (IE) of T1-weighted images was calculated as the ratio of intensities over the aortic wall on contrast and initial MRI studies.

Results and discussion. In patients with extensive atherosclerosis and old AMI IE of the atherosclerotic lesions in the aortic wall in all cases was over 1,14 (mean 1,19±0,06), far more than increasing of intensity in the control group. Types of accumulation of contrast paramagnetic was assigned as a local or diffuse accumulation syndrome, depending on the length and circularity of the lesions. In the control group no significant accumulation of contrast paramagnetic material in the aortic wall was observed, IE did not exceed 1.04 (mean 1,01±0,02).

Conclusion. Contrast-enhanced MRI allows to visually and quantitatively assess pathology of aortic wall in atherosclerosis.

The cerebral venous congestion is the primary factor in damaging the brain with cerebral venous thrombosis. Ischemia in stroke associated with cerebral venous sinusthrombosis (CVST) is secondary, developing as a result of externally induced constriction of the blood vessels feeding the area of stasis in vasogenic edema, which leads to necrosis is less likely than with arterial ischemic stroke. Stroke associating CVST more often accompanied by hemorrhagic transformation than atherothrombotic. Venous congestion is detected in cardioembolic stroke in the perifocal zone of the ischemic focus, and probably plays a role in the courses and outcomes of stroke, contributing to the development of vasogenic edema and early secondary hemorrhage. Identify venous stasis in principle possible using the technique of determining the ultrasound index arteriovenous ratio and sighting in the ischemic focus and perifocal zone as hyperperfusion using perfusion techniques MSCT or MRI of the brain.

This studies show the possibility of using noncontrast MR-angiography in monitoring conservative treatment of venous thrombosis and postthrombotic disease in the vena cava inferior. All examinations were performed on a 1,5 T whole-body MR-scanner (Philips, Achieva). A total of 80 patients with venous disorders (n=38) and control subjects (n=42) were examined with noncontrast MRI examination. We revealed the quantitative and qualitative features of venous flow at different levels of the lower extremities, pelvic and abdominal cavity in health and disease. MRI techniques were optimized in order to obtain the maximum of useful information.

The article comprises a review of modern methods of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and emission tomography (single-photon emission and positron emission computed tomography – SPECT and PET) as tools for diagnosis and prognosis of myocardial ischemic damage, in particular in coronary revascularization. The definition of term «myocardial viability» is discussed. It has been shown that the integrity of blood-tissue barrier between myocardium and microcirculatory vessels is the most sensitive marker of tissue viability and of functional integrity of myocardium. It’s evaluation by means of contrast-enhanced MRI of myocardium is the most available and most precise technique of diagnosis and prognosis both in patients with post-infarction myocardial scarring and in patients with coronary disease without myocardial infarction. It is proposed that in the nearest future the combination of MR-coronarography and contrast-enhanced MRI of myocardium will deliver a possibility to obtain the full set of data necessary for planning of endovascular and surgical treatment of various forms of coronary heart disease. PET and SPECT techniques currently are of some essential interest for pathophysiologic studies of coronary ischemia in clinical and experimental studies as well as for qualitative visual studies of pharmacokinetics.

Relevance. Currently myocarditis remains fairly common disease. However, despite the great number of non-invasive methods of examination of the heart, clear diagnostic criteria of myocarditis and control treatment of the pathological process is not defined.

The purpose. Explore the features of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the myocardium in patients with myocarditis on a background of conservative therapy.

Materials and methods. We analyzed the results of magnetic resonance imaging of the myocardium in 25 patients at baseline and after myocarditis 1, 3 and 6 months during treatment .

Results. Identified different types of power of the contrast agent in the myocardium, which further help in determining the prognosis of the disease, selection and control the duration of the treatment.

The article is devoted to the up-to-date literature data about the potentialities of magnetic resonance imaging and its applications for clinical diagnosis of cerebral venous thrombosis. Routine magnetic resonance imaging with phase-contrast magnetic resonance angiography enables fast and accurate measurement of blood flow velocities and visualizes parenchymal abnormalities. We describe here the main clinical features and the MRI characteristics of collateral drainage and flow velocity data in patients with cerebral venous thrombosis.