Introduction. Over the recent years the role of scientometrics has been increased in order to assess the productivity and importance of the contribution of both an individual scientist and the entire personnel of a research institution. Therefore bibliometric criteria of publication activity assessment are considered as the tools for improvement the planning and management of research works of research institutions. The purpose. To analyze the dynamics of scientometric indicators of research institutions of cardiological and cardiosurgical profile according to the data of Russian Science Citation Index (RSCI).

Materials and methods. The source of information was RSCI, Science Index for organizations as of 01 April, 2016. For the present study 6 research institutions of cardiological and cardiosurgical profile were selected among all the organizations registered in RSCI.

Results. In general among the studied research institutions the increase in the number of articles since 2010 by 2015 was 3.8%. The highest dynamics of growth in the number of articles was in Novosibirsk Scientific Research Institute (SRI) of blood circulation pathology (2.3-fold) and SRI for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases (1.8- fold). The number of articles in the journals included into Web of Science и Scopus since 2010 by 2015 increased by 38.6%. Positive dynamics in the number of articles, indexed in the foreign databases, was noted only in the Siberian cardiological research institutions and it was mostly expressed in Novosibirsk SRI of blood circulation pathology (3.5-fold) and SRI for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases (2.6-fold).

Conclusion. The dynamics of scienometric indicators of research institutions of cardiological and cardiosurgical profile is characterized by a slight increase in the total number of the published articles, on the one hand, and by a significant increase in the number of articles in the journals, indexed in Web of Science и Scopus, on the other hand. The research institutions of the Siberian region showed an expressed increase in the total volume of publishing flow.

The purpose. Тo compare the level copeptin in healthy volunteers and subjects with grade II-III stage and to communicate copeptin with indicators of peripheral and сentral hemodynamics, lipid spectrum. The design and methods. The study included 32 patients with essential hypertension stage II-III and 21 patients in the control group aged 40 to 66 years. The subjects were conducted: physical examination, electrocardiography, echocardiography, biochemical blood analysis, indirect arteriography, determination of glomerular ᔆltration rate. Copeptin level in blood plasma under investigation was determined by ELISA on microplate photometer Zenyth 1100. Was conducted correlation analysis, the comparison of two independent groups by Mann-Whitney test. Statistically signiᔆcant were considered dierences at p<0.05.

Results. Established that the level of copeptin plasma, reflecting the level of vasopressin in plasma, in patients with essential hypertension II-III stage was statistically signiᔆcantly higher than in healthy volunteers (p<0.05). Statistically signiᔆcant direct correlation between the level copeptin and triglycerides (r= 0,565; p=0.03), levels of cholesterol of very low density lipoproteins (r= 0,565; p=0.003), atherogenic coeܝcient (r= 0,477; p=0.016), a statistically signiᔆcant inverse correlation between the level copeptin and the level of cholesterol high density lipoprotein (r= -0,432; p=0,031). Statistically signiǁcant inverse correlation between glomerular ǁltration rate and the сentral systolic blood pressure (SBP) (r= -0,415; p=0.039), glomerular ǁltration rate and сentral pulse pressure (r= -0,422; p=0.036). 

Conclusion. The study established that the level of vasopressin in essential hypertension increases dramatically. Statistically signiǁcant correlation copeptin with the levels of triglycerides, level of cholesterol high density lipoprotein, levels of cholesterol of very low density lipoproteins, atherogenic coeɐcient, statistically signiǁcant correlation of glomerular ǁltration rate with сentral pulse pressure and сentral SPB.

The study is aimed at the comparative assessment of the incidence of adverse cardiovascular events in the inhospital and long-term period in patients with initial renal dysfunction (RD) and without it after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).

Material and methods: 720 patients with clinical manifestations of coronary atherosclerosis, operated on between 2011 and 2012, were included in the study. All patients underwent preoperative measurement of serum creatinine levels, the estimation of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) using the MDRD formula, and the risk scoring using the additive EuroSCORE model.

Results: The cut-off value for GFR was set at 60 mL / min / 1.73 m2 in this study, suggesting significant impact on the patients’ outcomes after CABG. There were differences in the preoperative clinical status among the patients with and without RD. Patients with decreased GFR were more likely to have chronic kidney disease, lower extremity arterial disease, extracranial arterial disease, compared to patients with normal GFR. Patients with RD reported higher rates of adverse cardiovascular and renal complications in the in-hospital period. Patients with decreased GFR < 60 mL / min / 1,73m2 were more likely to have recurrent angina and progression of chronic heart failure one year after CABG. The assessment of the impact of renal dysfunction, defined by the levels of GFR, on the development of adverse outcome reported that patients with RD in the moderate risk group were more likely to have combined adverse outcome, compared to patients without RD one year after CABG.

Conclusion: The presence of renal dysfunction has an adverse impact on the in-hospital outcome after CABG. Renal dysfunction had no predictive value on long-term outcome, but it increased the incidence of higher angina class and chronic heart failure.

The purpose. Previously it was shown that on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) induced cerebral ischemia and cognitive decline. The patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) could be a high-risk group of CABG-associated cognitive decline. Non-invasive neuromonitoring can provide information regarding subclinical symptoms and topography of cerebral ischemia. The aim of this study was to investigate the topographic changes in electroencephalogram (EEG) spectral power in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients with or without MCI before and after on-pump CABG.

Methods: 62 males with CAD were divided into two groups according to their Mini-Mental State Examination: without MCI (n = 37) and with MCI (n = 25). Clinical factors were assessed, including the severity of coronary lesions (SYNTAX score), the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Eyes-closed rest EEG was recorded from 62 channels positioned according to the International 10–20 system. Spectral EEG power was calculated for frequencies from 0.1 to 50 Hz.

Results: The patients with MCI had theta-1 (4–6 Hz) power increase 7-10 days after on-pump CABG only in frontal and fronto-central clusters of right and left hemispheres as compared to the preoperative values, whereas in the groups without MCI this effect was widespread over the brain. In the beta-1 band (13–20 Hz), CABG patients with MCI had power increase in the frontal, fronto-central and fronto-temporal regions of the brain cortex. Similar power changes in patients without MCI were observed only for occipital brain clusters.

Conclusions: CAD patients with MCI have demonstrated EEG signs of cortical dysfunction focused on the frontal brain areas. Cortical dysfunction in this localization can be associated with the progression of cognitive deficits, causing loss social integration in CAD patients with MCI.

The purpose. The goal of this study was to assess the revitalizing effects of N(2)-L-alanyl-L-glutamine («Dipeptiven») on ischemic heart rate.

Materials and methods. Isolated hearts of laboratory rats were perfused by Langendorff method (n=7). After global cardioplegic ischemia hearts of experimental group were perfused by standard solution with N(2)-L-alanyl-L-glutamine. Control group was excluded from the pharmaceuticals on reperfusion. Physiological indices of the hearts were fixed. Classic and highly specific markers of myocardial damage were studied by using biochemistry methods and ELISA. NADH dynamics in the myocardial tissue were also recorded.

Main Results. Levels of troponin I and NO were significantly lower than baseline and control values. Changes in intracellular translocation enzymes fluctuated at low values and were not significantly different from control during reperfusion, but significantly higher than the original translocation. Level of H-FABP and formation of peroxides were significantly higher in compares with original values. Respiratory chain of both groups was overloaded by electrons during the ischemia.

Conclusions. The structure of contractile proteins was stabilized by reperfusion solution with N(2)-L-alanyl-Lglutamine. However, protection of cardiomyocytes was ineffective from oxidative stress. «Dipeptiven» should be used in combination with other pharmaceuticals.

The purpose: This study evaluates long-term results of modified method of reverse subclavian flap aortoplasty, of infants with coarctation of the aorta combined with hypoplasia of the distal aortic arch.

Materials and methods. 64 patients under the age of 1 year, correction of aortic coarctation with hypoplasia of the distal arch department was performed. Patients were divided into 2 groups: the 1st group included patients, whose correction was made by modified method of reverse subclavian flap aortoplasty of the left subclavian artery (n=32); the 2nd one included patients, whose correction was made by the method of extended anastomosis (n=32). Average diameter of aorta at the level of distal aortic arch was 5.1±0.1and 5.5±1.8 (р=0.51), peak gradient at the level of isthmus was 46.6±31.03 and 48.4±32.01(р=0.7). All patients underwent CAT scanning of aorta together with opacification, and Z score of aortic arch was calculated to clarify the level of hypoplasia.

Results. Four-year cumulative survival rate was 95.9% in the 1st group and 95.6% in the 2nd group. In the distant period, isthmus diameter in the 2nd group was significantly different from the one in the 1st group, and was 0.98±0.4 mm and 1.2±0.86 mm correspondingly (р=0.003). For patients from the 1st group, freedom from recoarctation in distant period was 98.2%, while it was 96.3% for patients from the 2nd group, and it was not fairly different from statistical point of view. While comparing the long-term results, statistically significant prevalence of hypertension in the 2nd group (р=0,0034) was observed; pressure gradient in the 1st group at the level of isthmus was 12.2 ±1.06 and in the 2nd group it was 15.5±1.89 (р=0.002); cases of hypertrophy of myocardium of the left ventriculus -10 (40%) in comparison with the 1st group, where they were 2 (8%) (р=0,003).

Conclusions. Modified method of reverse subclavian flap aortoplasty of the subclavian artery exhibits results, which can be compared to those of the method of extended anastomosis.

Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for chronic total occlusions (CTO) has been referred to as the “last frontier” in interventional cardiology. In recent years, new devices, improved imaging techniques and innovative technologies significantly increased the success rate and safety of PCI for treatment of CTO remarkably. Favorable long-term data on the outcomes of interventions, and excellent performance drug-eluting stents show a preference for CTO recanalisation. Detailed knowledge about the histopathological characteristics of CTO is crucial to understand the basic principles of advanced interventional techniques. Understanding the principle of antegrade and retrograde approaches are completing the armamentarium essential for interventional cardiologists dealing with this challenging lesion subset. As strategies fortreating complex lesions are continuously volving. Our goal was to present a systematic review of the current methods for CTO revascularization in the context of the published results of the application of these approaches are different centers, as well as solve the problem of choosing a revascularization method in specific clinical conditions.

The purpose. We aimed to develop, implement and evaluate the efficiency of a novel clinical and organization approach to the medical prevention of cardiovascular diseases in primary health care settings.

Material and methods. The comparative assessment of the results of dispensary observation of patients with AH was conducted in the main group (n=308) who underwent a novel prevention program and in the control group (n=240) who were under the usual supervision of a general practitioner. The mean age of the patients in the groups was 59.0±10.8 and 57.5±10.47 years respectively. The basis of the novel prevention technology is the assessment of cardiovascular risk and the development of patients’ itinerary at the pre-hospital stage using the medical information system.

Results. In the group with AH who underwent a novel prevention program, a number of patients who had achieved the target systolic and diastolic blood pressure and target cholesterol level was significantly higher than in the control group. The patients of the main group visited a hospital for AH decompensation significantly less frequent. The patients in the main group were more compliant with diagnostic tests and consultations of the specialists as compared to the patients in the control group. The patients of the main group more often attended the classes of the School of Health included into the prevention program. The duration of the observation period was 12±6.5 months.

Conclusion. The study proved that the individual prevention program at the pre-hospital stage reduced the prevalence and the severity degree of cardiovascular risk factors and increased the number of patients who had reached the target values of the controlled risk factors after 12±6.5 months of observation. It is achieved by the compliance with requirements of the Russian guidelines and the higher adherence of patients to the preventive measures.

The purpose. The aim of the study was to analyze immediate results of acute myocardial infarction’s treatment in patients older than 75 and to estimae the effectiveness of percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI).

Materials and methods: 208 cases of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in patients older than 75 were reviewed in the study. The control group consisted of 85 (40.9%) cases of emergency primary PCI. For comparison, there was a group of patients who underwent the conservative treatment (123 (59,1%) cases).

Results. All the patients in the study regardless of AMI’s treatment were characterized by the following clinical features (p>0.05): high prevalence of cardiovascular and significant somatic diseases, late treatment onset, severe hemodynamically significant pathology of the coronary arteries not only according to the number of affected vessels but also by SYNTAX scale. In general, 123 (59,1%) cases of urgent (emergency and delayed) coronary angiography were performed. The coverage of diagnostic interventions in patients with conservative treatment was 38 (30,9%) cases. This number had statistically significant difference with the PCI group (p<0.05). The advantages of PCI (p<0.05) were obtained for mortality (12,9% – 25,2%) and duration of hospital stay (13,6±0,3 days – 15.43±0.4 days).

Conclusion. Reduction of mortality in AMI patients older than 75 is associated with an increase of emergency coronary stenting in the structure of medical activities. Specific complications of PCI are rare, which proves the safety of this method of reperfusion therapy among patients of this age. Patient’s age over 75 years old should not be considered as a limitation for coronary angiography and subsequent stenting.

The purpose: evaluation of long-term efficacy of endovascular coronary revascularization in patients with ischemic heart disease comorbid with type 2 diabetes mellitus and burdened with chronic heart failure with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) according to a 5-year prospective study.

Materials and Methods: the study involved 53 patients with ischemic heart disease with left ventricular ejection fraction of 38.0% [32.0; 43.3]. In the 1st group (n = 23) consisted of patients with coronary artery disease and with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction, and in the 2nd group of 30 patients with coronary heart disease associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus and low LVEF. We analyzed the clinical, metabolic, angiologic indicators: recurrent angina, basal and postprandial glucose, glycated hemoglobin, lipid profile, echocardiography, estimated rates of adverse cardiovascular events, the survival rate.

Results: it was shown that the presence of concomitant type 2 diabetes mellitus aggravates the long-term prognosis in patients with coronary artery disease and heart failure with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction undergone stenting of coronary arteries due to progression of heart failure, leading to an increase in functional class chronic heart failure and increase the numbers of adverse cardiovascular. The forerunners of adverse cardiovascular are smoking (OR = 3.871, p = 0.01) and postprandial glucose levels (OR, 2.681; p = 0.01) and risk factors for adverse cardiovascular proved to be the lack of adequate glycemic control (NbA1S levels> 7%; χ2- 5,625, p = 0.018, and the presence of hypoglycemic episodes χ2-4,951-6,419, p = 0,04-0,004). At all stages of the following up of the patients after myocardial revascularization procedures required to implement more aggressive lipid corrective therapy to achieve target LDL cholesterol level.

Conclusion: it was proved that in patients with coronary heart disease associated with heart failure with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction and type 2 diabetes there is high efficiency of endovascular coronary revascularization providing comparable with similar patients without diabetes mellitus 5-year survival rates - 78.3 and 86.6%.

Atherosclerosis causing by endothelial dysfunction following vascular inflammation can lead to thrombosis and artery occlusion, resulting in myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, or peripheral artery disease. There is a convincing evidence on the impact of endogenous and exogenous mutagenesis in atherosclerosis; therefore, it can be partially considered as a neoplastic process. Here we describe the seminal papers in the field and provide the arguments on the association of mutagenesis with atherosclerosis. In particular, we underline the importance of oxidative stress, telomere dysfunction, DNA damage syndromes, and cytotoxic chemotherapy/radiotherapy. We also consider the therapeutical applications of antimutagens, particularly statins and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors.

The second part of a review article devoted to a detailed consideration of the issues of diagnostic semiotics of acute disorders of cerebral circulation using CT and MR perfusion study techniques. We consider the physiological aspects of formation of the basic parameters of tissue perfusion: of cerebral blood Șow (CBF), cerebral blood volume (CBV), mean transit time (MTT) and time to peak (TTP) contrast, as well as patterns of pathological changes in these parameters (hypo-, hyper- and aperfusion), developing in various degrees of brain ischemic damage and penumbra areas. It is noted that the improvement of MRI using for tissue classi⠇cation of perfusion-diநusion (PWI/DWI) mismatch has a better chance of primary development due to the fact that it non-radiation exposure and is not connected with the need to introduce a large contrast volume, and with the introduction of non-contrast arterial spin labeled technique (ASL). Variants of events in the dynamics of perfusion as a result of reperfusion therapy. There were discussed the problems limiting the use of perfusion techniques in clinical practice.

The purpose. To assess neuropsychological status of patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) and to determine the factors affecting it.

Material and methods. 272 male patients aged 45-69 years were included in the study. Neuropsychological status of patients with coronary artery disease was assessed and presented as an integrated index.

Results. The integrated index of neuropsychological status was reported to be 2 times less than those in healthy subjects matched for age (0.47 [0.35; 0.59] vs. 0.8 [0.72; 0.87, (p <0.0001)). The most significant factors affecting neuropsychological status of patients with coronary artery disease were as follows: age (p = 0.00271), number of years of education (p = 0.033), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (p = 0.018), as well as plasma triglyceride levels (TG) (p = 0.003).

Conclusion. The integrated approach to the assessment of neuropsychological status in patients with CAD allows not only presenting it as a single index, but also determining the extent to which the index deviate from neuropsychological status of healthy subjects. The factors affecting neuropsychological status in patients with coronary artery disease were as follows: age, number of years of education, LVEF and plasma triglyceride levels.

The therapeutic e[cacy of bare-metal stents is signiVcantly limited due to frequent restenosis. Here we review the approaches for surface modiVcation to prevent restenosis, presented the advantages and disadvantages of each method. In the Vrst part of the review, we consider antithrombotic and antiproliferative stents coating. The review presents the most signiVcant and interesting research aimed forming endothelial layer on the stents surface in vitro.

Currently, one of the problems of diagnosis of CHD is a significant percentage of detection of non-obstructive lesions of coronary arteries (CA) for invasive coronary angiography (CAG). In register trials intact CA rate reaches 42%, in the analysis of our clinical data - 37.9%. In the materials of the past of the Russian Cardiology Congress, solutions to this problem were considered from different points of view, both by improving the diagnostic algorithms in primary care, and using high-tech methods of diagnosis. A number of breakout sessions was devoted to the modern possibilities and prospects of development of MSCT-angiography, stress echocardiography in the diagnosis of coronary atherosclerosis; clinical value assessment of left ventricular mechanics (LV) in CHD; modern trends radionuclide diagnosis of CHD; methods of contrast enhancement in radiation pathophysiological assessment of coronary atherosclerosis and myocardial viability; as well as the characteristics of non-invasive diagnosis of stable coronary artery disease in Russia. In addition, in one of the workshops reminded us that in the absence of stenosis of large CA do not forget about the possible presence of a particular form of ischemic heart disease - microvascular angina (MVA). The reports of the current understanding of the pathogenesis and diagnosis of MVA were recorded, especially pain and determination of nociceptive disorders in patients with MVA, new opportunities in drug therapy MVA. Participation in the Congress allowed us to compare our views on ways to reduce the frequency of intact CA detection with the position of the leading Russian experts. This review will help clinicians to better navigate the current state of the real problem.

The present article describes the case of a 53-year-old patient with subarachnoid hemorrhage caused by the rupture of the saccular aneurysms of the anterior communicating artery, complicated by persistent cerebral vasospasm, who has undergone successful chemical angioplasty. This treatment strategy allowed to maintain effective cerebral perfusion and prevent severe brain injury. The improvement of the patient’s clinical state resulted in restored consciousness and regressed focal neurological symptoms.

The report describes the case of electrophysiological study and catheter ablation of right atrial flutter in patient undergone left lateral accessory pathway ablation. The technique of mitral isthmus block verification using a single catheter is described. This technique allows refusing unnecessary transseptal puncture, additional central vein catherization and use of extra catheter.